hispanic methods of treatment

The teach back technique should be incorporated into the cross-cultural patient encounter to ensure patient understanding of discharge instructions. Mexican Americans are much less likely to be treated for hypertension than non-Latino whites (35 versus 49 percent).11 Targeted public health campaigns are needed for hypertension, diabetes prevention, and weight control. Hispanics have different degrees of illness or health risks than whites. Demographics and Addiction. Fluegelman, Andrew, ed. Three types of medications include: (1) agonists, which activate opioid receptors; (2) partial agonists, which also activate opioid receptors but produce a smaller response; and (3) antagonists, which block the receptor and interfere with the rewarding effects of opioids. Addressing patients properly can be another challenge. Interferon gammarelease assays are preferred to tuberculin skin testing in immigrants with a history of BCG vaccination. Topics. Hispanic people are the youngest population, with 33% below age 18, and 57% below age 34 (Figure 4). Again, it is imperative to stress that these values represent broad generalizations that may or may not apply to any individual patient or in any given situation. Cold linseed tea and hibiscus flower tea for diabetes. In addition, diet and exercise do not have a prominent place in the daily activities of the Hispanic family. "7 In the context of a hospital or medical clinic, where medical terminology can be complicated and communication often takes place quickly and amidst elevated emotions, this language barrier can be especially problematic. This is because of barriers to accessing care and stigma surrounding behavioral health problems (Hostetter & Klein, 2018). Notably, studies that disaggregate Hispanics by their ancestral origin may provide greater insight into the sources of ethnic disparities. For literate patients, it may be helpful to write things down, even if this must be done in English rather than Spanish. More than half of Hispanic young adults ages 18-25 with serious mental illness may not receive treatment. Identifying behavioral health problems is very important to the plan. Patients should be actively involved in their care rather than passively acquiescing to instructions. Talk. For instance, a doctor could perceive as evasive a patient who declines to make direct eye contact, when in fact,that patient may be demonstrating respect for the doctor's position and authority. Latinos comprise the largest minority group in 20 of the 50 states. Lack of third party reimbursement for professional interpreter services exacerbates this problem. ", In 2007, the total U.S. Hispanic or Latino population surpassed 45 million, or 15 percent of the total U.S. population. One exception is the Methods for the Epidemiology of Child and Adolescent . 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857 The Concurrent Integration of Treatment Modali-ties in Social Work Practice." D.S.W. Chartbook for Hispanic Health Care (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality) This Hispanic Health Care chartbook is part of a family of documents and tools that support the 2014 National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report (QDR). Indeed, such a patient's silence might best be interpreted as an indirect and nonverbal form of disagreement. Because people stand closer to each other in most Latino cultures, physical proximity is also perceived as being more personable. Underwriting for these materials was provided by a generous anonymous donor. Maria needs to eat fruit; she should also consume more fiber to counteract her high-carbohydrate diet. Puerto Ricans have a 14 percent higher rate of hypertension-related mortality than other Latino groups. She has three grown children: two still live in Mexico, and the third lives in a distant U.S. city. Visit the SAMHSA YouTube channel, Visit SAMHSA on LinkedIn Background Patients who are members of minority groups may be more likely than others to consult physicians of the same race or ethnic group, but little is known about the relation between. National Network to Eliminate Disparities in Behavioral Health, SAMHSA National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), AHRQ National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Reports, OMH National Standards on Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services in Health and Health Care (National CLAS Standards), 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline SAMHSA will be highlighting the important role each of us has in maintaining a healthy life and ensuring a productive future. Still, at the risk of oversimplifying, several trends emerge: -simpatia-politeness and the avoidance of hostile confrontation -personalismo-the value of warm personal interaction -respeto-the importance of showing respect to authority figures, usually including health care providers -familismo-collective loyalty to extended family and commitment to family obligation; -fatalismo-the belief that individuals cannot do much to alter fate15. Poor communication with health care providers is often an issue. A wide array of herbs offered at La Botanica Orquida in northeast Georgia. Stigma of psychological treatment, belief that problems should be addressed at the family level (familismo), a misunderstanding or belief that treatment will not help with a child's behaviors, a . A few candles were lit in the dark, curtained bedroom. 1Elizabeth M. Grieco and Rachel C. Cassidy, "Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin 2000," Census 2000 Brief, U.S. Census Bureau, March 2001. Using don or doa with the given or full name indicates even greater respect for older patients. Missing data was handled using this carry-forward method. hispanic methods of treatment. These numbers include Mexican-Americans, Puerto Ricans, Central and South Americans, Cubans, and many other communities although, throughout California, the vast majority of Latinos identify themselves as of Mexican background. The largest and fastest growing minority population in the United States today is commonly referred to as "Hispanic" or "Latino." This consortium study defined distinct somatic cancer gene mutation patterns by race/ethnicity and sex among patients with early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC), yielding novel biological clues into early-onset CRC disparities. Themes common to Latino participants were: "We are put off to one side"; "If I can't work, I can't survive"; and "Without documents, you are no one." As with any patient, Latinos should be treated as individuals first, while exploring possible cultural distinctions. 2U.S. Unfortunately, few studies disaggregate Hispanic patients by race to understand its implications on treatment and clinical outcomes such as mortality. Instituting more culturally competent care is likely to improve treatment adherence and health outcomes. In terms of health, on some measures Latinos are better off than other ethnic groups. The extra time necessary for this technique is justified by the prospect of much better understanding and adherence.31. According to Pew Research, a law passed by Congress in 1976 defined Hispanics as . Approximately half (49.6%) of the patients were aged at least 65 years. Modern Mexicans turn to old ways of childbirth. She says that since her husband died, she has lost interest in what might happen to her in the future. However, as gold rush fever swept the country, Chinese immigrants, too, were attracted to the notion of quick fortunes. To provide an updated understanding of folk and traditional medicine (FTM) among Hispanic parents in the United States, we surveyed 200 caregivers identifying their child as Hispanic in a pediatric primary care clinic about their cultural health beliefs and practices. al., "Culture, Illness, and Care," 252. The APA additionally reported that both language barriers and values created barriers to treatment for Hispanics experiencing mental health issues. These instructions can be studied by the patient or translated when time permits. The point deserves emphasis: Health care providers must be cautious not to oversimplify the values, customs, and beliefs that characterize any ethnic group-especially one as heterogeneous as Latinos. Rather than operating on the ideal of an informed, active individual who makes decisions based on his or her own personal good, many Latino cultures consider as paramount the individual's obligation to the family and broader community. Under-recognition of depression in adult Hispanic Americans may be related to language . Spanish language handouts are a better option. According to a study done at UCLA, 15.7 percent of non-elderly Latinos in either fair or poor health, who are covered under MediCal or Healthy Families (both California low-income health insurance programs), report having no usual source of care but rather obtain their clinical health care on an ad-hoc basis, if at all.11, Some Latinos find their health care in non-clinical places, relying on folk medicine and traditional healers. Natural laxatives such as oil with orange juice (or just oil in some cases). An intention-to-treat approach using a last-observation-carried-forward method was used to analyze outcome data whereby the last available measurement for all participants was then used for all time points through the 12-month final follow-up. Similarly, a patient's silence when presented with a difficult treatment plan, rather than conveying agreement, may in fact indicate that patient's desire to maintain a polite relationship with the health care provider and avoid difficult or conflictual situations. This inequality puts these communities at a higher risk for more severe and persistent forms of mental health conditions, because without treatment, mental health conditions often worsen. Animal-based medicines are also used, including snake oil, which is obtained from the fat of snake skins, and bufo toad medicine, which contains a powerful psychedelic. This free webinar will discuss a guide for service providers, which includes aspects such as how culture change affects Hispanics and Latinos. Although this review summarizes findings for U.S. Hispanics, it is important to note that the panethnic term "Hispanics" describes a large, heterogeneous group originating from multiple Spanish-speaking nations and that evidences substantial variability in socio-cultural characteristics, beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes toward health and health Bridging such cultural gaps, wide or narrow, will result in better physician-patient relationships and more effective care. The ethnic terms Latino or Hispanic refer to a diverse population of Latin American descent that includes many nationalities and races. Objective Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among Hispanic women. In some cases, discussing personal family issues might feel like a form of disloyalty to a Hispanic recovering addict in a group therapy . A large selection of herbal teas are available from botanicas or yerberas in most Latino neighborhoods. In a 2002 report from the Institute of Medicine, more than 175 studies were cited to document this disparity.6 In an attempt to address this problem, the National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS) were released in 2001 by the Office of Minority Health of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.7 Fourteen guidelines were published, which were organized around three main themes: culturally competent care, language access services, and organizational supports. al., "Racial and Ethnic Disparities," Chart 4-1. Cross-cultural interviewing can be facilitated by following specific guidelines, and several mnemonics have been developed for use by physicians. . This article provides an evidence-based review of the prevalence, presentation, and management of major depression in primary care in this heterogeneous ethnic group. 12Arthur Kleinman, Leon Eisenberg, and Byron Good, "Culture, Illness, and Care: Clinical Lessons from Anthropologic and Cross-Cultural Research," Annals of Internal Medicine 88: 251-258 (1978). Maria is a 54-year-old Mexican immigrant with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity. Latino healing traditions include curanderismo in Mexico and much of Latin America, Santeria in Brazil and Cuba, and espiritismo in Puerto Rico.19 Curanderos, traditional healers, distinguish between hot and cold illnesses (Table 220 ) and occasionally between natural and unnatural (sorcery-related) diseases.19,20 Patients may seek out the care of brujos or brujas (wizards or witches) for the latter conditions. Latinos' belief in alternative treatment is affected by many factors, including education, socioeconomic class, and time spent in the United States (acculturation). Emotional distress often presents with headaches (dolor de cabeza) or other physical symptoms instead of depressed mood.9 Consequently, a high index of suspicion is needed to recognize adjustment reactions or depression. She might also stop giving her infant vitamins, because they are a hot therapy.24 It is often possible to safely accommodate conventional and alternative treatments (in reasonable doses) if potential conflicts or interactions are identified in advance. Visit SAMHSA on Instagram 1 This change resulted in a substantial increase in the prevalence of hypertension from ~32% to ~46% in the United States (US) adult population. Many Latinos are accustomed to self-treating because most pharmaceuticals are available without prescription in their home countries. Get to know your fellow coach managers and direct reports. If successful, the intervention could be adapted to other racial or ethnic minorities, such as Hispanic Americans. While this has been a challenge across patient populations, it has been especially pronounced among the U.S. Latino population, which shows a rate of non-adherence almost 40% higher than the rate seen in the U.S. Caucasian population. (Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, 2001): 4. After some negotiation, she agrees to see a dietitian and a bilingual counselor, and agrees to take just two medications, metformin (Glucophage) and lisinopril (Zestril), although she understands that they will not make her feel better right away. 108 17-00084 at Western Philippines University . To sign up for updates or to access your subscriber preferences, please enter your contact information. These broad generalizations are just that: broad generalizations. Latino refers to a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race.1 Latinos comprised nearly 16 percent of the U.S. population in 2009, making them the largest minority group.1 By 2050, it is projected that they will comprise up to 30 percent of the U.S. population.2 The three largest subgroups include Mexican Americans (about 65 percent), mostly settled in the Southwest, Puerto Ricans (9.1 percent) in the urban Northeast, and Cuban Americans (3.5 percent) in Florida.3 However, these demographics are rapidly shifting as Latino populations are increasingly integrated into suburban and rural communities throughout America. For instance, Latinos highly value family. Visit behavioral health equity resources for select SAMHSA in-language resources and quality practice and workforce development for select SAMHSA OBHE webinars and blog posts. For instance, 2002 estimates of life expectancy for Latinos was 77.2/83.7 years (male/female) compared to 68.4/75.1 for African-Americans and 74.7/80.1 for non-Hispanic whites.3 Latinos are less likely than non-Hispanic whites and African-Americans to suffer from heart disease (which is nevertheless the leading cause of death in all three groups). Become an expert on our coaching methods, internal systems, processes, and technology. Latino/Hispanic families can provide much support to a child with the disorder and protect him or her from the development of conduct problems (Bauermeister et al., 2005). Hence, the individual's good cannot be neatly separated from his or her community. dissertation, University of Southern Cali-fornia, 1973. For instance, Latino mothers may determine when medical care is warranted for a family member, though a male head of household may formally make the decision to send the family member to a medical center.16. Keeping these cautionary notes in mind, the cases and commentaries in this section seek to address numerous issues that arise in the course of providing clinical health care for Latino patients of various backgrounds. Patient activation will help motivate the patient to become involved in his or her own care. After immigration, some Latios adopt American naming conventions, but others do not. needs and experience of less acculturated Latino clients who are mostly from Mexico and Central America, and represent a large segment of the Latino community in Southern California. Cold water with lemon for high blood pressure. Azarcon and greta (lead salts) and azogue (mercury) compounds, which are sometimes given for teething or empacho, are contraindicated.22 Some injuries have occurred with curandero treatment of caida de la mollera (fallen fontanel). Obesity and genetic factors increase risk. In the LEARN model, which is illustrated in the Case Study below,28,29 the physician should first sympathetically listen to the patient's perception of the problem, explain his or her perception of the problem to the patient, acknowledge and discuss any differences and similarities between the two views, recommend a treatment plan, and negotiate agreement.30 Use of the LEARN technique identifies and helps resolve any cultural differences that may arise. placed on religious beliefs in the maintenance of health and the treatment of illness. Moreover, the family itself can play an enormously important role in supporting and empowering the patient within the medical setting. Lower rates of hypertension awareness, treatment, and control have been observed in Hispanics/Latinos compared with non-Hispanic whites. US Hispanics, currently the largest minority group in the country, face disparities in the recognition and treatment of major depression. High level of belly fat or metabolic syndrome. It is the primary method used in hospitals. Low levels of hypertension awareness are a major problem in the Latino community. Barriers to care have resulted in striking disparities in quality of health care for these patients.

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