unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of

Sexual life cycles involve an alternation between meiosis and fertilization. The thin plastic lacing cord represents chromatin when chromosomes are in an uncoiled, decondensed state. Be sure to label the centromere, centrioles, and spindle fibers. What would you expect a heterozygous roan bull to look like if the trait showed incomplete dominance instead? What happens between meiosis 1 and meiosis 2 that reduces the number of chromosomes? Describe the geometry around each of the three central atoms in the CH3COOH\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COOH}CH3COOH molecule. Chromosomes reach the poles. Just one egg is produced from the four haploid cells that result from meiosis. The stages of Mitosis are: Prophase - The chromosomes shorten and thicken. This type of inheritance is known as a.) The pipe cleaner and plastic cord strands are intended to represent two pairs of homologous chromosomes. A monogenic gene gives rise to a trait from a single set of alleles. Half of each pair is red and represents maternal DNA (genetic material contributed by a females egg). Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of. This division occurs in the reproductive organs (gonads -- testes of males or ovaries of females) of species that reproduce sexually, and results in the formation of gametes (eggs or sperm) that contain half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. In both cycles, the stages are common prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Metaphase - Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. As Putin continues killing civilians, bombing kindergartens, and threatening WWIII, Ukraine fights for the world's peaceful future. Anaphase - Chromatids break apart at the centromere and move to opposite poles. The nucleoli begin to disappear. Compare the number and type of cells that result from Meiosis vs. Mitosis. How is mitosis different in plants and animals. Instead, these cells assemble membrane proteins (in vesicles that bud off the Golgi apparatus) in their interior at right angles to the spindle apparatus. The smallest unit of crystalline solid is called_____. The following procedure will be described using a homemade kit consisting of pipe cleaners to represent chromosomes. Mitosis produces two identical diploid daughter cells, while meiosis produces four genetically different haploid daughter cells. Your Mobile number and Email id will not be published. At this point in the cell cycle the sister chromatids are held together tightly at the centromere. IST-1.G.1. Meiosis results in daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell. In interphase, the cell is not undergoing cell division. Which of the following is the likely reason? When during the cell cycle is a cell's DNA replicated? The nucleus and chromatin are evident. 2. Unlike meiosis, mitosis results in the formation of Prophase I crossing-over and recombination Homologous chromosomes (each consists of two sister chromatids) appear together as pairs. Tetrad or bivalent is the structure that is formed. The chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. C. organs At each pole of the cell a full set of chromosomes gather together. Also Read: Significance of Meiosis. Spindle fibers form from and radiate outward from the centrosomes to attach to and move chromosomes during cell division. During interphase, chromosomes are not visible because they are decondensed (present only as a tangled mass of thin threads of DNA with associated proteins, called chromatin). A) diploid cells. DNA. User: The work of scientists usually begins with A. creating experiments. Thus, the cells have been reduced from diploid (2n) to haploid (n) (Figure 8). In the circle below, sketch a 2n=6 diploid cell in metaphase of mitosis. In animal cells, interphase is also when the centrosome (consisting of two centrioles) is replicated. While the two sister chromatids are physically joined together they are still considered one replicated chromosome (Figure 2). This starts to pull the sister chromatids apart. A) 2N daughter cells. Meiosis, on the other hand, is the division of a germ cell involving two fissions . D) speckled. four haploid gametes. Each daughter cell gets one complete set of chromosomes, i.e., one of each homologous pair of chromosomes. Biology High School answered Unlike mitosis, meiosis in male mammals results in the production of A) one haploid gamete B) three diploid gametes C) four diploid gametes D) four haploid gametes 1 . Sex cells, sperms in males, and eggs in females are a result of meiosis. D) creation, What kind of cells undergo meiosis? -Answer: Option B Solution: Unlike Mitosis, Meiosis results in the formation of 4 Genetically different cells. Meiosis 1 separates the pair of homologous chromosomes and reduces the diploid cell to haploid. What specifically separates during meiosis II? In mitosis, the nuclear membrane is broken down, spindle fibres . = 15 ? Describe a similarity and difference between Meiosis I and Meiosis II. Unlike mitosis, the end of meiosis usually results in the formation of a. two genetically identical cells. Mitosis is a complex and highly regulated process. multiple alleles. = 2 5/20 True or False? 2016-02-28 03:01:16. C) polygenic traits. Answer: Explanation: Unlike Mitosis, Meiosis results in the formation of 4 Genetically different cells. Meiosis is a process that ensures the formation of haploid gamete cells in sexually reproducing diploid organisms . Homologous chromosomes. Bailey, Regina. Figure 6. Question 10. The kinetochore spindles shorten and pull each chromatid to which they are attached toward the pole (and centrosome) from which they originate. Chromosomes not yet visible but DNA has been duplicated or replicated. C. N daughter cells. Early Prophase I D) 1/8. 3. Process in which homologous chromosomes trade parts. A) multiple alleles. How are mitosis and meiosis similar and different? In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes are separated into different nuclei. Web mitosis . Individual chromosomes are not visible. Regarding the stages of Meiosis, what is the difference between Prophase I and Prophase II? Meiosis is a type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes (the sex cells, or egg and sperm). Correct answers: 2 question: Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation ofa. Compare and contrast the stages of mitosis and meiosis and discuss why each type of cell division is necessary for survival. Thanks a lot, It is very helpful for me. True or False? A brief treatment of meiosis follows. Reproductive isolation is required for speciation to occur as it involves all of the mechanisms involved in evolution, including, There are several structures and organelles found in a typical plant cell but not found in an animal cell. Using models is a great way to represent natural structures and processes that are too small, or too large, or too complex to observe directly. ________________________________________________. B) Haploid cells. Other non-kinetochore spindle fibers or tubules (aka polar microtubules), emanating from the two centrosomes, elongate and eventually overlap with each other near the metaphase plate. The nucleolus is visible. Daughter cells produced after meiosis are genetically diverse. Her work has been featured in "Kaplan AP Biology" and "The Internet for Cellular and Molecular Biologists.". Individual chromosomes are not visible. Since chromosome number gets halved, it is also called reductional division. I have used this activity in my biology classroom with my 9th and 10th graders, but it could also be modified (use blank arrows . What are the two distinct divisions of meiosis? Is mitosis cell growth or cell reproduction? Male meiosis results in the production of four equally sized, functional spermatozoa, while female meiosis results in a single large functional ovum and three small nonfunctional polar bodies. C. Repeat the experiments in the article. New gene combinations are introduced in a population through the genetic recombination that occurs during meiosis. c four genetically identical cells . They Are Two Very Different Processes That Have Two Different Functions. A) predict the traits of the offspring of genetic crosses. Cells that contain two copies of each chromosome are called diploid (2n, where n is the number of different chromosomes in a single set). What abbreviation do we use to represent diploid? In meiosis, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase occur twice. Cancer is a disorder is which some cells have lost their ability to control their. Mitosis was discovered by Walther Flamming, while meiosis was discovered by Oscar Hertwig. mitosis, a process of cell duplication, or reproduction, during which one cell gives rise to two genetically identical daughter cells. Independent Assortment in a cell with 2 homologous pairs. [*Note: this is significantly different from the separation of sister chromatids that occurs during mitosis]. Best Answer. One of the fun things about biology is that the words multiplication and division mean the same thing. Chromosomes that are the same length, have the same centromere location and the same gene sequences and positions are called homologous chromosomes. Why is this important? Use red and blue beads to represent exchanged segments of chromatids on the inner non-sister chromatids of the tetrad pairs. Survey the slide to find a cell in each phase of mitosis. The nucleoli and the nuclear membrane degrade. Each cell is haploid containing one-half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. How are the products of meiosis and the products of mitosis different? If element X has 72 protons, how many electrons does it have? A polygenic gene gives rise to a trait from several sets of alleles. Below we highlight the keys differences and similarities between the two types of cell division. When the haploid sperm and egg fuse, the resulting . 900 seconds. Meiosis results in the formation of 4 Haploid daughter cells from one Diploid parent cell. Finally, both processes end with the division of the cytoplasm that produces individual cells. Meiosis progresses through the same phases as mitosis (prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis). What is the meaning of haploid? Why is reproductive isolation required for speciation to occur? A cleavage furrow forms between the two cells to carry out cytokinesis. Phases of mitosis. Figure 12. Pieces of equivalent segments of non-sister chromatids can be exchanged from one chromatid to the other. This is a fun and interactive way to review the very important parts of the human life cycle. The duration of each stage of mitosis can be determined by using the following formula. Thank u soo much, Very useful it helped a lot to make assignments and studies as well. A) Both parents were tall. Figure 4. biology. 4.8. b. telophase and cytokinesis. Human somatic cells contain pairs of homologous chromosomes. What is the problem with open management of ocean fisheries? C) 2N daughter cells. Make a minimum of 1 crossover for each pair of homologous chromosomes. Mitosis involves four basic phases - prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation four haploid daughter cells. A) 1 . Define mitosis and meiosis, and describe the differences between these two processes. Paired homologous chromosomes are called tetrads and are said to be in synapsis. Ball goes in (thwack) to mitt, and goes out (thwack) back to mitt. This is an example of onomatopoeia. B) It would be white. Mitosis is used by single-celled organisms to reproduce; it is also used for the organic growth of tissues, fibers, and membranes. one haploid gamete. Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be four genetically different cells. If a homologous pair of chromosomes fails to separate during meiosis I, what will be the result? Segments of chromosomes are exchanged between non-sister chromatids at crossover points known as chiasmata (crossing-over). The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. C) Dandelion plants are self pollinating. Cells with only one copy of each chromosome are haploid (n). answer choices . D. body cells. For a full treatment, see growth: In cells; cell: Mitosis and . Mitosis consists of four basic phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. cells in the new plant will have half the chromosome number as the parent. Four haploid daughter cells are produced at the end, unlike two diploid daughter cells in mitosis. diploid cells. The main function of the meiotic division is the production of gametes (egg cells or sperm cells) or spores. Explain the main difference between mitosis and meiosis. When you flip a coin, what is the probability that it will come up tails? This diploid cell with 2 homologous pairs of chromosomes will be modeled as it moves through the following phases of mitosis: How do the daughter cells you formed compare to the original parent cell? https://www.thoughtco.com/differences-between-mitosis-and-meiosis-373390 (accessed March 5, 2023). Thank u so much. (Figure 3). Sexual mode of reproduction is observed for meiosis. The daughter cells have half the amount of cytoplasm and half the amount of. In mitosis, the genetic material (DNA) in a cell is duplicated and divided equally between two cells. Each cell is diploid, which means that they contain exact chromosomes. cells in the new plant will have a different genetic makeup than the parent. E) anaphase I What do chromosomes do only once in mitosis and meiosis? C) polygenic inheritance. Please enter your question and contact information. The chromosomes move toward opposite poles. Don't hesitate to ask questions and start discussions whenever you need professional advice. Humans have one set (n) of 23 unique chromosomes (n = 23). Tetrad formation is observed in meiosis. It occurs in the following 4 separate phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. D) multiple alleles. What mass of HNO3\mathrm { HNO } _ { 3 }HNO3 is present in 250.0 mL of a nitric acid solution having a pH= 5.10? In diploid species such as humans, meiosis results in in four (4) daughter cells that originate from a single diploid germ cell. Bailey, Regina. c. 2n daughter cells. User: She worked really hard on the project. During interphase, the DNA is in the form of. c . Does synapsis occur in mitosis and meiosis? D) It would be pink. Required fields are marked *. If mitosis makes somatic cells, what does meiosis make? Homologous chromosomes exchange bits of DNA to create genetically unique, hybrid chromosomes destined for . Meiosis l results in two haploid cells. Meiosis, on the other hand, aims to provide genetic diversity through sexual reproduction. A) predict the traits of the offspring of genetic crosses. B) Hydrangea flower color varies with soil pH. Ignore the masses of all pulleys. I like it. Concept note-4: Sex cells, sperms in males, and eggs in females are a result of meiosis. Unit Test Review: Meiosis, Mitosis, Cell Home, English Literature: Vocab 1, English Literatu, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, ROMEO AND JULIET - Entire play study notes. Which part of meiosis is the same as mitosis? Biology High School answered Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of a two genetically identical cells. What is being separated during anaphase of mitosis? Mitosis and meiosis take place in the cell nuclei. The nucleolus is visible. Asexual mode of reproduction is observed for mitosis. True or False? incomplete dominance. Does mitosis produce somatic cells or gametes? This is very helpful for me. Chromosomes and sister chromatids. -Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, whereas meiosis results in four sex cells. Which organelle makes the proteins that are needed by the cell. Homologous pairs line up at the equatorial plate in Metaphase l. Anaphase I follows, as homologs are pulled apart, toward opposite poles of the cell (Figure 7). Sister Chromatids: Definition and Example, A Genetics Definition of Homologous Chromosomes, What Is Synapsis? Keep clicking on Next at the bottom of the page until you get to the screen: Click on Next at the bottom of the page. Q. When during meiosis does independent assortment occur? Mitosis produces 2 diploid cells. B) meiosis I produces 2 haploid daughter cells, but mitosis produces 2 diploid daughter cells. parent cells divide by mitosis to produce the offspring. (In humans) Number of daughter cells produced by a single parent . The single egg is a very large cell, as you can see from the human egg also shown in Figure 7.5. How does nondisjunction during meiosis I differ from nondisjunction in meiosis II? Each homologous pair consists of one maternal chromosome and one paternal chromosome. Compare the length of DNA among members of a species With modern taxonomy, both the internal and external structures of an organism can now be studied and this, Answer: C. ribosomes The ribosomes can be found in the endoplasmic reticulum. Crossing-over rarely occurs in mitosis, unlike meiosis. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. Change data to support results. DNA. A) incomplete dominance. When do synapsis and crossing over occur in mitosis? C) sex Meiosis involves two rounds of a sequential series of steps (meiosis I and meiosis II). ___________________, How many chromosomes are in each daughter cell? A) one allele from each parent. Strictly applied, the term mitosis is used to describe the duplication and distribution of chromosomes, the structures that carry the genetic information. (Image credit: Giovanni Cancemi | Shutterstock) The primary mechanism by which organisms . In eukaryotic cells, the production of new cells occurs as a result of mitosis and meiosis. There are alleles for red hair and white hair. Thus, for each pair of homologous chromosomes, one should be red and one should be blue. If populations can interbreed, they are considered one species. For mitosis, meiosis I, and meiosis II, are homologous pairs or sister chromatids separating? The chromosomes reach their respective poles. When Gregor Mendel crossed a tall plant with a short plant, the F1 plants inherited What is the result of mitosis and cytokinesis? A unit of time sometimes used in microscopic physics is the shake. Weegy: A reviewer check for mistakes and bias during peer-review. Mitosis is the process where the division of cell occurs by asexual reproduction. The germ cells undergo meiosis to give rise to sperm and eggs. During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell having four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing, One difference between cell division in plant cells and in animal cells is that plant cells have. During synapsis, equivalent pieces of homologous chromatids are exchanged between the chromosomes. This divides the cell in two. Mitosis and Meiosis are two different types of cell division processes, which lead to the production of new cells. First, you will model meiosis l. Then, you will model meiosis ll as described below. One cell cycle results in production of two daughter cells in mitosis. Body cells are examples of diploid cells. When you are finished, use the formula given below and record your results in the table. Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of. d. body cells. Definition and Function, A.S., Nursing, Chattahoochee Technical College. A) a homologous pair of chromosomes, each made of two chromatids. In late prophase (often called prometaphase) the nuclear membrane is no longer visible. if there are 72 protons how many electrons should there be? B) prophase II Number of daughter cells. 20/3 Tetrad formation is not observed in mitosis. COPD is the fourth largest killer of Australians and smoking is the most important risk factor for COPD. Cells that divide by meiosis prepare for cellular division (during interphase) much like every other cell. Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of haploid cells. In addition, both mitosis and meiosis involve the separation of sister chromatids and the formation of daughter chromosomes. A) replication occurs during interphase before mitosis, but not before meiosis I. When a sperm and an egg join in fertilization, the two haploid sets of chromosomes form a complete diploid set: a new genome. 4. 60 seconds. One way that meiosis I is different from mitosis is that In biology, when we talk about cells multiplying, we mean they are increasing in number. The blastula is an early embryonic stage where many of the cells are dividing at any one time. Why does crossing over occur in meiosis but not in mitosis? The difference between Mitosis and Meiosis is quite apparent. Cells that undergo meiosis go through the cell cycle, including the S phase, so the process begins with chromosomes that consist of two chromatids just as in mitosis. Mitosis is a fundamental process for life. What is one difference between the prophase of mitosis and prophase I of meiosis? Mitosis Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. A) a homologous pair of chromosomes, each made of two chromatids. A membrane forms around each set of chromosomes to create two . Spindle fibers begin to form from the centrosomes, which have begun to migrate to opposite poles of the cell. In both cycles, the typical stages areprophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. It is also used for cell reproduction. C) polar body The other half of each pair is blue and represents paternal DNA (genetic material contributed by a fathers sperm). D) dominant. B. tumors. Figure 11. Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis is their proper sequence? The two nuclear membranes (one in each half of the cell) begin to form around the chromosomes. In mitosis, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase occur once. Therefore, when meiosis is completed, each daughter cell contains only half the number (n) of chromosomes as the original cell. Exercise 1: Modeling the Phases of Meiosis. Four genetically different cells c. F Mitosis is nuclear division that results in two cells containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. How is the end result of meiosis in a male mammal different from that of mitosis? C. careful observations. which results in the formation of abnormal chromosomes and an increased risk . The term cytokinesis refers to the division of a cells cytoplasm, while mitosis and meiosis refer to two different forms of nuclear division. Mitosis occurs continuously throughout the lifetime of an organism, while meiosis typically occurs only once, at a specific time in the life cycle, such as during the formation of gametes. c.) codominance. How is meiosis related to gamete formation? For example, human chromosome #19 contains a gene for eye color. D) multiple genes. Biology. Plant cell walls are far too rigid to be split apart by contracting proteins. Thanks a lot, It is very informative and easily understood able also. Cytokinesis occurs only in telophase during mitosis, while it occurs in Telophase 1 and telophase 2 during meiosis. Thanks so much it is very useful. I am a Byjus lover Does synapsis occur in mitosis or meiosis? Q. Meiosis and mitosis differ because: Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs during the sexual reproduction for sex cell formation. Meiosis is the process in eukaryotic, sexually-reproducing animals that reduces the number of chromosomes in a cell before reproduction. During which phase(s) of mitosis are structures like the one shown visible? What are the unique processes in meiosis that are not present in mitosis? Etymology: from Greek meisis, meioun (to diminish), from mein (less). General growth and repair, Cell reproduction, Genetic diversity through sexual reproduction, Occurs in Telophase I and in Telophase II. to represent chromosomes. What happens during prophase I of meiosis? In single-celled organisms, cell reproduction gives rise to the next generation. What is the result of this process? So they do not need another gamete. Mitosis Overview. ____14. A heterozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a short plant. In humans, this means the chromosome number is reduced from 46 to 23. 3. Both mitosis and meiosis involve phases: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase. Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of. The mitotic cell cycle is initiated by the presence of certain growth factors or other signals that indicate that the production of new cells is needed. Which stage of meiosis results in 2 cells with 46 chromosomes? The cell grows. One shake equals 108s10^{-8} s108s. What structures are present in a plant cell, but not in an animal cell? B) 50%. However,the tecnique they used was coiling consecutive rings of clay on top of each other and smoothing the surface by hand. Cells divide and reproduce in two ways, mitosis and meiosis. In rabbits, there are four different versions of the gene for coat color. . In the human body, the meiosis process takes place to decrease the number of chromosomes in a normal cell which is 46 chromosomes to 23 chromosomes in eggs and sperms. (Image from Science Primer from the National Center for Biotechnology Information.) Distinguish what happens in metaphase and anaphase of meiosis 1 and the same phases of meiosis 2. Adjust the slide to view the region just above the root cap, where there are likely to be dividing cells. Review\text{\red{ Review }}Review Describe how protists reproduce. This process is necessary for the normal growth and development of a multicellular eukaryotic organism from a zygote (fertilized egg), as well as growth and the repair and replacement of cells and tissues. Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! What is the result of mitosis in a unicellular organism? PDF. Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, whereas meiosis results in four sex cells. Roan cattle show codominance for the color of their hair. -Mitosis produces two diploid (2n) somatic cells that are genetically identical to each other and the original parent cell, whereas meiosis produces four haploid (n) gametes that are genetically unique from each other and the original parent (germ) cell. The joining together of a sperm and egg during fertilisation returns the number of the chromosomes to 46. If an organism's diploid number is 12, its haploid number is what? Createyouraccount. B) two alleles from each parent. Both the processes occur in the M-phase of the cell cycle. Gametes are produced by the process of what? Mitosis is necessary to replace dead cells, damaged cells, or cells that have short life spans. The meiosis cell cycle has two main stages of division -- Meiosis I and Meiosis II. Meiosis is a process that gives rise to a haploid cell from a diploid one. IST-1.F.1. C) 75%. Meiosis is the production of gametes for sexual reproduction. four diploid gametes. Lab 10: Mitosis & Meiosis, (2019). C) body cells. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. ____________ cells can only undergo mitosis, not meiosis. Q. The primary function of mitosis is general growth and repair. Many organisms package these cells into gametes, such as egg and sperm. The difference between mitosis and meiosis are as follows: The similarities between mitosis and meiosis are as follows: To know more about mitosis and meiosis, what is mitosis and meiosis, the difference between mitosis and meiosis, or any other topic in Biology, keep visiting BYJUS website or download the BYJUS app for further reference. When the chromatids reach separate ends of the cells, the spindle fibres disintegrate and a nuclear membrane rebuilds around the chromosomes making two nuclei. Metaphase: Spindle fibers (called kinetochore microtubules or kinetochore spindle fibers) that emanate from the centromeres attach to the kinetochore (a proteinaceous area) on the sister chromatids. a. mitosis and interphase. Spindle fibers attach to kinetochores at the centromere and extend to the poles of the cell. [n refers to the number of chromosomes in a set that are characteristic for a species. This answer is: Put your understanding of this concept to test by answering a few MCQs. In animals, meiosis only occurs in the cells that give rise to the sex cells (gametes), i.e., the egg and the sperm. Meiosis results in four haploid cells. Read on to explorewhat is mitosis and meiosis, significant similarities and differences between the two: Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the formation of four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Meiosis I reduces the ploidy level from 2n to n (reduction) while Meiosis II divides the remaining set of chromosomes in a mitosis-like process (division). B) Both parents were short. Unlike mitosis, meiosis in male mammals results in the production of A) one haploid gamete B) three diploid ga Get the answers you need, now! This is the reduction division; chromosome number is divided in half. Meiosis and mitosis differ because: mitosis is a form of cell division which produces two identical, diploid body cells What is the result when a diploid cell undergoes meiosis? C) heterozygous. What happens between meiosis 1 and meiosis 2 that reduces the number of chromosomes? In between the two gap phases, the DNA replicates in preparation for cell division. In humans, body (or somatic) cells are diploid, containing two sets of chromosomes (one from each parent). Figure 7.

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