nervous tissue histology ppt

The dendritic tree and axon of each Purkinje cell can only be seen in thicker sections stained with special silver stains. They are found mainly in the olfactory epithelium (where smell stimuli are sensed), and as part of the retina. In this article, we will introduce you to the microscopic world of histology. Fetal tissues are classified into two types: mesenchyme and mucoid (mucous) connective tissue. It is categorised as skeletal, cardiac or smooth. Multipolar neurons are all of the neurons that are not unipolar or bipolar. between a tract and a nerve? Each gap is called a node of Ranvier and is important to the way that electrical signals travel down the axon. Register now The tools for studying histology are becoming more diverse everyday. What is the difference between a ganglion and a nucleus? 1:00 - 1:50 Nervous Tissue ppt | pdf | lecture recording (for both hours) 2:05 - 2:55 Connective Tissue ppt | pdf. These hormones regulate a variety of processes, such as metabolism, growth and blood pressure. ("6" in the orientation figure) a molecular layer containing dendrites of the granule cells. . I love Histology! Pia mater 2. The cell body contains the nucleus and most of the major organelles. Both neurons and glia have fine processes projecting from the cell body, which generally cannot be resolved in the light microscope without special staining techniques. Astrocytes in the CNS provide metabolic support for neurons and play an important role in maintaining the blood-brain barrier (see slide 13270 astrocytes View Virtual Slide). Histology. adipose tissue, gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system). The ovary is actually an organ homologous to the male testis, it gives rise to the gametes (ova) and steroid hormones (estrogen, progesterone). It is made up of gray matter and white matter. The name suggests that it has no axon (an- = without), but this is not accurate. The neuronal type is found throughout the entire human nervous system except in dorsal root/sensory ganglia. Pancreatic serous acini secrete digestive enzymes which break down fat, carbohydrates and proteins. The edges of this loose enclosure extend toward each other, and one end tucks under the other. The lighter-colored layers on both sides of the axon are myelin. Neuroglia (glial cells) (supporting cells) Remember that the perikaryon is the metabolic support center for each neuron, so, therefore, motor neurons require much larger perikarya. Under light microscopy, skeletal and cardiac muscles appear striated due to the parallel arrangement of their contractile filaments into repeating units called sarcomeres. They are responsible for the computation and . 138, 7.18). The primary purpose of this article is to evaluate the histology of peripheral nervous tissue. Next, the tissue is embedded with paraffin wax, which firms the tissue enough permit thin slices. Review the organization of gray and white matter in cerebral cortex vs. spinal cord. Neurons of the cerebral cortex are of varying shapes and sizes, but the most obvious arepyramidal cells. Bone tissue is a specialized type of connective tissue that contains cells (osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts), fibers (collagen type I) and mineralized extracellular matrix. It is composed of densely packed epithelial cells with only a little extracellular matrix (ECM). Based on morphology, epithelial cells can be either squamous (flat), cuboid (cube) or columnar (rectangular). Skeletal muscle consists of long cylindrical-shaped muscle cells with multiple, peripherally located nuclei and a cytoplasm filled with myofibrils. The alimentary canal is a tube extending from the mouth to the anus that serves as a channel for food and water to be digested, their nutrients absorbed and indigestible portions excreted. Because of the difficulty of discerning each glial cell type by routine light microscopy, you will not be required to identify glial cells in HE-stained sections by light microscopy, but you should be aware of their functions. Human anatomy is pretty straightforward. It consists of widely separated mesenchymal cells and ground substance with an abundance of hyaluronic acid. In general, where in the brain can grey matter be found? They have rectangular bodies and many dendrite like projections stemming from their shorter sides. Many axons are wrapped by an insulating substance called myelin, which is actually made from glial cells. Recall thatSchwann cells are the glial cells responsible for myelination in the peripheral nervous system. The musculoskeletal system consists of hard tissues (bones, joints, cartilage) and soft tissues (muscles, tendons, ligaments). Lateral to this structure is the tail of the caudate. Remember that the perikaryon is the metabolic support center for each neuron, so, therefore, motor neurons require much larger perikarya. Contents Neuron Nerve cell processes Synapses And impulse transmission The neuroglia Myelin sheath 2 3. celiac, aorticorenal, and superior/inferior mesenteric ganglia). They can be classified by many different criteria. Two nodes of Ranvier are circled in Figure 9 below. Describe the organization and understand some of the basic functions of regions of the: Observe the 3-layered organization of the, Outer plexiform (molecular) layer: sparse neurons and glia, Outer granular layer: small pyramidal and stellate neurons, Outer pyramidal layer: moderate sized pyramidal neurons (should be able to see these in either, Inner granular layer: densely packed stellate neurons (usually the numerous processes arent visible, but there are lots of nuclei reflecting the cell density), Ganglionic orinner pyramidal layer: large pyramidal neurons (should be able to see these in either, Multiform cell layer: mixture of small pyramidal and stellate neurons. Because information flows through the neuron from dendrites or cell bodies toward the axon, these names are based on the neurons polarity (Figure 2). The branch of medical science that deals with the. Peripheral nerves are analogous with neural tracts of the CNS. Get an overview of the different types of epithelial tissue: Connective tissue connects, separates and supports the body organs. All of this is surrounded by three connective tissue membranes (meninges): dura, arachnoid and the pia mater. The four main types of stains used in histology are empirical, histochemical, enzyme histochemical and immunohistochemical. Microglia are, as the name implies, smaller than most of the other glial cells. The basic functional unit of the kidney is the nephron. Slide NP004N hippocampal region coronal section luxol blue View Virtual Slide [orientation]. Neuroglia. Slide 13270 astrocytes, Gold-staining View Virtual Slide Go to a lighter stained area of the slide, which is in focus, and look for typical star-shaped cells, which represent astrocytes. Click on the tissue and observe. The latter constitutes the diffuse neuroendocrine system (DNES). Bipolar cells have two processes, which extend from each end of the cell body, opposite to each other. Health Information Technology & Services. The cells of Clarke's nucleus then relay this information via axonal projections that extend all the way up into the cerebellum (hence the reason why the cells are so large) where it is processed to allow for coordinated movement. Neurons in the dorsal horn are essentially interneurons that project to other regions of the CNS (e.g., motor neurons in the spinal cord or sensory input to the brain), so they have much smaller overall volume and therefore much less metabolic demand compared to motor neurons which project to target muscles that may be more than a meter away. As you learned in the first section, the main part of a neuron is the cell body, which is also known as the soma (soma = body). Muscle cells have a specialized type of smooth endoplasmic reticulum called sarcoplasmic reticulum, which stores calcium ions. Nicola McLaren MSc Histology of Nervous Tissue PROF. DR. FAUZIAH OTHMAN DEPT OF HUMAN ANATOMY 2 Feature of nerves tissue Type of cell neuron neuroglia General feature of neuron Type of neuroglia astrocyte, oligodendrocyte, ependymal cell, microglia Synapses Myelin formation function General structure of peripheral nerves Ganglia dorsal root ganglia autonomic ganglia Gordana Sendi MD Did you know that chronic alcoholics have a lot more smooth endoplasmic reticulum concentrations in their hepatocytes? The nervous system is responsible for the control of the body and the communication among its parts. Axon diameters can be as small as 1 to 20 micrometers. The testes produce male gametes (spermatozoa) via the process of spermatogenesis. Ana 211 (Histology of Nervous tissue).pptx sunday godwin obaje Read Now Download Free PDF Related Papers Cancer Registry Report 2000 2002 Robina Greaves Download Free PDF View PDF Identification of OTX2 as a Medulloblastoma Oncogene Whose Product can be Targeted by All-Trans Retinoic Acid Timothy Parrett Download Free PDF View PDF Other blotting techniques include Southern blot, Western blot, Far-Western blot, Southwestern blot, Eastern blot, Far-Eastern blot, Northern blot, Reverse Northern blot and Dot blot. Examine the cross section of the lumbar spinal cord in slide 065-2. Bundles of myelinated axons in the brain are called tracts, while bundles of axons in the PNS are called nerves. When viewing the microscopic anatomy of the ovary, we can see that it consists of a surface germinal epithelium (capsule), ovarian follicles (cortex) and connective tissue (capsule, cortex medulla). The lymphatic system consists of a network of vessels and lymphoid organs. White mater 4. Microglia are the cells in the CNS that can do this in normal, healthy tissue, and they are therefore also referred to as CNS-resident macrophages. These sections are then mounted on a glass slide, using a mounting medium as an adhesive. A group of neuronal cell bodies is called a nucleus in the brain or spinal cord, and a ganglion in the PNS. It will also benefit the publication of several new topics (Hematology, Pathogen ID, and Gross Anatomy). Lymphatic vessels drain lymph (interstitial fluid) from all the extracellular spaces in the body. Get instant access to this gallery, plus: Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the abdomen, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the pelvis, Infratemporal region and pterygopalatine fossa, Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space, keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, Cellular membrane, cytoplasm, organelles, nucleus. The integumentary system consists of the skin and skin appendages. Nervous tissue is made of cells (neurons and glial cells) and extracellular matrix. Luv ya! It houses information about each and every structure and process of the cell and organism, in the form of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). At one end of the axon are dendrites, and at the other end, the axon forms synaptic connections with a target. Nervous tissue consists of two cells: nerve cells or neurons and glial cells, which helps transmit nerve impulses and also provides nutrients to neurons. Primarily, the PNS is made up of the axons of neurons whose cell bodies are located within the CNS (within the brain for cranial nerves and the spinal cord for peripheral nerves yet another way to divide the nervous system based on location). Neurons are specialized cells that contain a body (soma) and one or more processes (dendrites, axons). Nervous tissue is composed of two types of cells, neurons and glial cells. If you are a University of Michigan student enrolled in a histology course at the University of Michigan, please click on the following link and use your Kerberos-password for access to download lecture handouts and the other resources. Examine the gray matter on each side of the sulcus using first low and then high power. After preparation, the tissue is stained. Uploaded on Jun 06, 2013 Elina + Follow cuboidal epithelium water loss Mucoid connective tissue is a fetal tissue present in the umbilical cord. There are many neurons in the nervous systema number in the trillions. An important part of the function of neurons is in their structure or shape. Depending on the number of layers, epithelial tissue is classified into simple (single layered) or stratified (multi-layered). All cells contain cytoplasm, are surrounded by a membrane, and contain a variety of structures and organelles. Slides include types of epithelial, connective, nervous, and muscle tissue and is ideal for an anatomy and physiology course.

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