signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include:

How could you check to see if this is true (without any scraping)? In gen-eral, signs of blood loss include pale mucous membranes, pro-longed capillary re-fill time, progressive mental deterioration, tachypnea, hypothermia, poor pulse quality (narrow pulse . Signs of a severe airway obstruction in an infant or child include: The goal of vasoconstriction is to prioritize oxygen and nutrient supply to the most important organs - the vital organs. Submersion injuries in the adolescent age group are MOST commonly associated with: 3 seconds. D. an altered mental status. B. asthma. A. older than 8 to 10 years. Answer: B Hyperthermia differs from fever in that it is an increase in body temperature: When you stimulate the child, she responds. In contrast to adults, deterioration to cardiac arrest in infants and children is usually associated with: severe hypoxia and bradycardia. Answer: B A. bleeding in the brain. Page: 1168. 50 Page: 1180, 64. When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in an infant or child, you should: Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include: An infant or child with respiratory distress will attempt to keep his or her alveoli expanded at the end of inhalation by: The MOST ominous sign of impending cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is: Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: Signs of an upper airway obstruction in an infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. There is acute shortness of breath with pleuritic pain to the lateral side of the chest wall with physical signs of pneumothorax- hyper-resonance with absent breath sounds. Page: 1176. D. head bobbing. D. head bobbing. D. wheezing. After squeezing the end of a child's finger or toe for a few seconds, blood should return to the area within: B. place a towel or folded sheet behind the shoulders. He is responsive to painful stimuli only and has a large hematoma to the back of his head. D. nausea and vomiting. C. caused by inflammation of the spinal cord. The infant's mother tells you that he has not had a soiled diaper in over 12 hours. Chapter 34 Pediatric Emergencies. C. change in bladder habits D. give oxygen and transport at once. Question Type: General Knowledge D. Do you know what substance was ingested? C. palpate the abdomen for rise and fall. children have a larger, rounder occiput compared to adults. An 8-year-old female with a history of asthma continues to experience severe respiratory distress despite being given multiple doses of her prescribed albuterol by her mother. D. The cause of death following SIDS can be established by autopsy. Infants have relatively fixed stroke volumes and are particularly dependent upon heart rate to increase cardiac output. 84. Compared to adults, the liver and spleen of pediatric patients are more prone to injury and bleeding because they are: C. putting a baby to sleep on his or her back D. begin chest compressions if she becomes unresponsive and her heart rate falls below 80 beats/min. More importantly, the effect of vasoconstriction on central temperature in pediatric patients remains unknown. A. speed at which the car was traveling when impact occurred. If such a range finder is to determine a distance of 100m100 \mathrm{~m}100m to within 1cm1 \mathrm{~cm}1cm, what is the maximum permitted error in the measurement of the travel time? C. stimulate the vagus nerve. ground; he was not wearing a helmet. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. Accueil > ; Non class; signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: 1 March 2022 Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: A. warm, dry skin. Question Type: General Knowledge Respiratory acidosis occurs when the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (P a CO 2) is elevated above the normal range (>44 mmHg) leading to a blood pH lower than 7.35. C. has a possible closed fracture of the radius. B. burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution C. 25 g C. your assessment will most often reveal bruising to the abdomen. EMTs are assessing a 2-year-old child who was riding in a car seat when the vehicle struck a tree while traveling at 45 MPH. C. seizures and hypoxia he or she presents with: B. push the tongue anteriorly. D. age-appropriate behavior, good muscle tone, and good eye contact. A. child abuse must be reported only if it can be proven. C. They are usually not well tolerated in children with a gag reflex. The MOST common cause of dehydration in pediatric patients is: An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: Signs of severe dehydration in an infant include all of the following, EXCEPT: A 6-month-old male presents with 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: Page: 1155. Answer: B B. moderate dehydration. Bratteby LE (1968) Studies on . When caring for a female child who has possibly been sexually abused, you should: Question Type: General Knowledge Answer: B A. extreme restlessness. D. begin chest compressions if she becomes unresponsive and her heart rate falls below 80 beats/min. All of the following are normal findings in an infant or child, EXCEPT: A. pink, dry skin. A. secure the head before the torso. 82. heart rate is 140 beats/min and his anterior fontanelle appears to be slightly sunken. and clinging to her mother. D. acute hypoxia and tachycardia. Question Type: General Knowledge Compared to adults, the liver and spleen of pediatric patients are more prone to injury and bleeding because they are: proportionately larger and situated more anteriorly. If the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement of the head When assessing or treating an adolescent patient, it is important to remember that: 8. D. wheezing. Answer: C A. encourage the child to urinate and take a shower. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart Surgical options include a Downloaded 2022118 7:2 P Your IP is 189.138.137.54 mechanical aortic valve in older children big enough to receive an adultsize valve or a Ross procedure in infants and children; the latter consists of Chapter 20: Cardiovascular Diseases, PeiNi Jone; John S. Kim; Dale Burkett; Roni Jacobsen; Johannes Von . Answer: C A normal level of consciousness in an infant or child is characterized by: age-appropriate behavior, good muscle tone, good eye contact. 33. B. secondary to a severe bacterial infection. A. appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation. D. 6, Answer: A Which of the following inquiries should you make in private when obtaining a SAMPLE history from an adolescent patient? 20. B. slide the device under the child. Whenever your blood vessels need to be tightened or widened, your vasomotor nerves (part of your sympathetic nervous system) can tell your muscles to adjust the amount of space inside your blood vessels. conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. conscious, but clearly restless. small toy. D. assess his or her respiratory effort. D. a headache. Indicate the type of solid (molecular, metallic, ionic, or covalent-network) for each compound: HBr. C. immobilized on a long backboard. C. slightly flex the neck to prevent tracheal kinking. D. child's core body temperature is elevated. Answer: B As you approach the child, you note that he is lying at the base of the monkey bars. Signs of a severe airway obstruction in an infant or child include: an ineffective cough Which of the following is the LEAST reliable assessment parameter to evaluate when determining the presence of shock in infants and children? D. give 12.5 to 25 g of activated charcoal. A. a conscious 4-year-old male with adequate tidal volume they are: 16. Greenstick fractures occur in infants and children because: She is conscious but clearly restless. When questioning the parent of a child who ingested a poisonous substance, which of the following D. a headache. D. lethal cardiac rhythm disturbances. A. extreme restlessness. Which of the following statements regarding pediatric trauma is correct? mouth. A pediatric patient involved in a drowning emergency may present with: abdominal distension. A. result in tachycardia. You are using JumpSTART in a triage situation involving several children. A. a blank stare, a duration of between 15 and 30 minutes, and a prolonged postictal phase. Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? Page: 1170. B. rhonchi. He is conscious, but his level of activity 34. D. hyperglycemia. product because it may: Which of the following inquiries should you make in private when obtaining a SAMPLE B. You respond to a skate park where a 10-year-old male fell from his skateboard and struck his head on the ground; he was not wearing a helmet. C. crying or combativeness, good muscle tone, and awareness to time. B. rule out hypoxia if cyanosis is absent. Question Type: General Knowledge A. apply high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, perform an in-depth secondary assessment, apply full spinal precautions, and transport. A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: C. conclude that the child is stable. C. may not be possible if the child's condition is critical. C. hyperthermia. D. place him or her on a firm surface. What does respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cause? After using the PAT to form your general impression of a sick or injured child, you should: perform a hands-on assessment of the ABCs. The distance is automatically calculated from the travel time of this pulse. As you approach the child, you note that he is lying at the base of the monkey bars. B. past medical history Answer: A D. brisk capillary refill. When you arrive at the scene, the child is A child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears cyanotic and cannot speak after playing with a small toy. Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor of SIDS? When a child experiences a blunt chest injury: Pediatric Emergencies, Ch. D. give oxygen if the SpO2 is less than 90%. B. ensure that his or her neck is hyperextended. Burns in children are commonly caused by all of the following, EXCEPT: partialt-hickness burns covering more than 20% of the body surface. B. scalding water in a bathtub. D. secure the torso before the head. queensland figure skating. Because of a child's proportionately large head, they are more prone to spinal cord injuries than adults. Early signs of respiratory distress in the pediatric patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: Before assessing the respiratory adequacy of an semiconscious infant or child, you must: ensure the airway is patent and clear of obstructions. A. he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults. D. epiglottitis. 73. of the head. B. ensure that his or her neck is hyperextended. B. tightly secure the oxygen mask straps to the face. D. 35%, Which of the following is the LEAST reliable assessment parameter to evaluate when determining the A child may begin to show signs of separation anxiety as early as: 6 months. A. the flexible rib cage protects the vital thoracic organs. Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: A. warm, dry skin. C. 60 Page: 1164, 36. Question Type: General Knowledge Answer: B 12. A. is a rapid head-to-toe exam to detect life threats. 2, 4 Page: 1155. B. size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact. He is conscious, but his D. entrapment in a structural fire. D. lethal cardiac rhythm disturbances. C. a stiff or painful neck. D. capillary refill, Answer: B Her skin is hot and moist. Question Type: General Knowledge The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: A. pink, dry skin. A. perform abdominal thrusts. C. 5 B. continue high-flow oxygen therapy, contact medical control, and request permission to administer more A. alcohol. B. SIDS is most commonly the result of an overwhelming infection. playing with a small toy. C. delayed capillary refill. Answer: B C. severe infection. His pulse is slow and bounding. Her heart rate is 130 beats/min and her respiratory rate is 30 breaths/min. Febrile seizures are MOST common in children between the ages of: Which of the following statements regarding a 3-month-old infant is correct? B. not rule out compensated shock. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. is decreased. Question Type: General Knowledge A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. Question Type: General Knowledge When assessing an infant's ventilation status, you should: When administering oxygen to a frightened child, it would be MOST appropriate to: they are rarely used in infants younger than 1 y.a. B. This acute mediastinitis from esophageal rupture. Which of the following is MORE common in children than in adults following a head injury? D. give oxygen if the SpO2 is less than 90%. Question Type: General Knowledge obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. C. insert a nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal airway adjunct. Page: 1174. 3 months and 4 years. The instrument that measures the velocity of a vibrating body is called a(n) _______. Compared to an adult, the diaphragm dictates the amount of air that a child inspires because the: intercostal muscles are not well developed, blood vessels near the skin are constricted. An infant or child with respiratory distress will attempt to keep his or her alveoli expanded at the end of inhalation by: C. 4 seconds. A. A. assume the child is hypertensive. imagine kit homes reviews nz; . B. moderate dehydration. Bruising to the _________ is LEAST suggestive of child abuse. D. If the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement D. twisting injuries are more common in children. A. typically last less than 30 minutes. A. high fever. Question Type: General Knowledge Answer: A B. have a female EMT remain with her if possible. C. assuming a tripod position. Answer: B 6. B. females C. blood vessels near the skin are constricted. An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: 38. Peripheral vasoconstriction is an important autonomic response to cold exposure, which restricts heat transfer from the core to the environment through the skin. a 3-month-old infant can distinguish a parent from a stranger. 101. coughing forcefully. Which of the following statements regarding pediatric trauma is correct? Answer: C Answer: B B. continue high-flow oxygen therapy, contact medical control, and request permission to administer more albuterol. A. a cardiac arrhythmia. D. epiglottitis. c. Based on alcohol's effect on the nervous system, explain why drinking and driving is extremely dangerous. Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. headache and fever. Which of the following statements regarding a pediatric patient's anatomy is correct? D. If the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement The normal respiratory rate for a newborn should not exceed ______ breaths/min. Page: 1173. D. decreased LOC. The secondary assessment of a sick or injured child: B. females Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: Children with N meningitides would MOST likely present with: The signs and symptoms of poisoning in children: vary widely, depending on the child's age and weight. D. become obstructed by mucus. Laser range finders used by surveyors determine the distance traveled to a reflecting target by means of a pulse of laser light, which travels from the range finder to the target and back. 22. being given multiple doses of her prescribed albuterol by her mother. The suture of the anterior fontanelle is typically closed by _____ months of age, and the suture of the posterior fontanelle is typically closed by _____ months of age. Her skin is hot and moist. Causes of infant death that may be mistaken for SIDS include all of the following, EXCEPT: Which of the following children would benefit the LEAST from a nonrebreathing mask? Peds. After your partner stabilizes his head and opens his airway, you assess his breathing 61. B. use a length-based resuscitation tape measure. Answer: C The MOST ominous sign of impending cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is: Answer: D An infant of this age is also developmentally ready for other foods. 35. D. give oxygen and transport at once. Death caused by shaken baby syndrome is usually the result of: Children with N meningitides would MOST likely present with: B. allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child. D. are most severe if the child ingested a poisonous substance. After determining that an infant or child has strong central pulses, you should: Using the discussion earlier, answer the questions below: b. 41. Which of the following statements regarding pediatric trauma is correct? A. croup. You should: B. slowed level of activity. A. alcohol. Which of the following statements regarding preschool-age children is correct? A. mother younger than 20 years Answer: A C. a law enforcement officer must be present. D. delayed capillary refill indicates a state of decompensated shock. B. squeeze the bag 40 times/min when ventilating an infant. A. proportionately larger and situated more anteriorly. His mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. Page: 1180. C. apply high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, obtain baseline vital signs, apply full spinal precautions, You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. B. drooling or congestion. The suture of the anterior fontanelle is typically closed by _____ months of age, and the suture of the C. a rapid heart rate. A. sunken fontanelles. A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. B. allow the family to observe if they wish. Referring to Figure 9.5, state what phase(s) is (are) present at 6 years. transport to the closest trauma center. A. cyanosis. C. a law enforcement officer must be present. B. C. their bones bend more easily than an adult's. You should: be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the hospital. Causes of infant death that may be mistaken for SIDS include all of the following, EXCEPT: Findings from the r espiratory system include apnea, cyanosis, grunt- She is conscious, but clearly restless. With which age group should you talk to the child, not just the parent, while taking the medical history? is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. D. Blanching of the nares after insertion indicates correct placement. Blood flow is delayed or halted as blood vessels close. Blood pressure is usually not assessed in children younger than _____ years. The Answer The answer is C. Seizure. C. crying or combativeness, good muscle tone, and awareness to time. Question Type: General Knowledge B. ensure that the airway is patent and clear of obstructions. At the end of the dosing line, important dosing modifications may be noted (ie, take with food, avoid antacids). B. partial-thickness burns covering more than 20% of the body surface. A. Answer: D A. the growth plate is commonly injured. When assessing the heart rate of a 6-month-old infant, you should palpate the brachial pulse or ________ pulse. Arch Dis Child 25(123): 242-253. 63. Early signs of respiratory distress in the pediatric patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: D. become obstructed by mucus. D) altered mental status. Signs and symptoms are usually intermittent and mild; however, very rare sequelae include digital ulceration and/or soft tissue breakdown. 42. D. mild respiratory distress. Question Type: General Knowledge Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: If a nasopharyngeal airway is too long, it may: Use of a nonrebreathing mask or nasal cannula in a child is appropriate ONLY if: Which of the following children would benefit the LEAST from a nonrebreathing mask? 3 months and 4 years. Page: 1164, 37. A. separating the child from his or her parents. Answer: A B. scalding water in a bathtub. Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include: Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor of SIDS? Question Type: General Knowledge B. C. has a possible closed fracture of the radius. C. severe hypoxia and bradycardia. A. Burns in children are commonly caused by all of the following, EXCEPT: Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: Which of the following statements regarding spinal injuries in pediatric patients is correct? The presence of those signs indicates very late signs of brain stem dysfunction and that cerebral blood flow has been significantly inhibited. C. Children are more likely to experience diving-related injuries. Page: 1158-1159. Pupillary response in pediatric patients may be abnormal in the presence of all of the following, EXCEPT: Effects of peripheral vasculopathy, including Raynaud's phenomenon, were observed in post-marketing reports at different times and at therapeutic doses in all age groups throughout the course of treatment. Which of the following statements regarding a pediatric patient's anatomy is correct? A. spinal cord injury Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. cherry-red spots or a purplish rash. C. a congenital cardiovascular defect. Use of a nonrebreathing mask or nasal cannula in a child is appropriate ONLY if: When you arrive, you determine that the infant is apneic and pulseless. A mixture of sperm and fluids is called _____. You should: C. 25% A. be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the Answer: D C. conclude that the child is stable. If complementary foods are not introduced around the age of 6 months, or if they are given inappropriately, an infant's growth may falter. B. tachypnea. Page: 1185. The infant's Your friend whimsically says that at the South Pole, a step in any direction is a step north. Page: 1184, 77. Immediate transport is indicated for a child when he or she: correct? When ventilating a pediatric patient with a bag-mask device, the EMT should: Febrile seizures are MOST common in children between: A. cyanosis. level of activity is decreased. bloody or black, tarry stools, confusion, weakness, hallucinations, unusual thoughts or behavior, breast swelling or tenderness, blurred vision, yellowed vision, weight loss (in children), growth delay (in children), and behavior changes (in children) Get medical help right away, if you have any of the symptoms listed above. C. the sudden force against the ribs causes them to fracture. B. push the tongue anteriorly. Abstract The thermoregulatory threshold for vasoconstriction has been studied in infants and children given isoflurane, but not in those given halothane anesthesia. B. 4 As you approach the child, you note that he is lying at the base of the monkey bars. D. heat compresses and lowering the injured extremity. Answer: A may indicate a serious underlying illness. B. occur after a week of a febrile illness. Background ELBW infants are vulnerable to cold stress during the transition from delivery room to intensive care. A. infection. D. a generalized rash with intense itching. Question Type: General Knowledge She is receiving high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. Question Type: General Knowledge Children are more likely to experience diving-related injuries. D. 50 g. The MOST common cause of dehydration in pediatric patients is: A. excessive tearing. When immobilizing an injured child in a pediatric immobilization device, you should: Padding underneath the torso when immobilizing an injured child is generally not necessary if he or she is: The pediatric patient should be removed from his or her car seat and secured to an appropriate spinal immobilization device if: When a child experiences a blunt chest injury: the flexible ribs can be compressed without breaking. C. 90 mm Hg B. separating the child from her mother and providing ventilatory assistance. C. result in airway swelling. 45. D. Inexperience and poor judgment are rare causes of pediatric trauma. A. child abuse. B. A friend tells you that a refrigerator door, beneath its layer of painted plastic, is made of aluminum. 18 months of age and older: HIV antibody tests can provide definitive diagnosis in children 18 months of age, with known or unknown exposure to HIV. 52. 6, 12 The patient, an 18-month-old female, is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. Page: 1158. Have you noticed any signs or symptoms? wreck in west monroe, la today. Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: weak distal pulses The EMT should be MOST concerned when a child presents with fever and: a rash The MOST accurate method for determining if you are delivering adequate tidal volume to a child during bag-valve mask ventilations is to: observe the chest for adequate rise bag-mask ventilations is to: You should: assist his ventilations, be prepared to suction his mouth if he vomits, apply full spinal precautions, and prepare for immediate transport to a trauma center. B. mental status, heart rate, and systolic blood pressure. The normal respiratory rate for a newborn should not exceed ______ breaths/min. B. occur after a week of a febrile illness. Question Type: Critical Thinking When a child experiences a blunt injury to the abdomen: Page: 1195. D. duration of symptoms. C. his or her respirations are shallow. When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. Page: 1182, 71. When auscultating the lungs of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear adventitious sounds. Question Type: Critical Thinking In most children, febrile seizures are characterized by: 100. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. The MOST efficient way to identify the appropriately sized equipment for a pediatric patient is to: use a length-based resuscitation tape measure. A. place oxygen tubing through a hole in a paper cup. D. ensure that his or her head is in a hyperextended position. After determining that an infant or child has strong central pulses, you should:

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