strasbourg cathedral facts

He in 1284 and developed a western facade, with a thousand sculptures and an elegant rosette window. Built entirely in the Middle Ages, Strasbourg Cathedral was the tallest building in the world for more than 200 years. Although considerable parts of it are still in Romanesque architecture, it is widely considered[2][3][4][5] to be among the finest examples of Rayonnant Gothic architecture. The cathedral was hit by British and American bombs during air raids on the centre of Strasbourg on 11 August 1944, which also heavily damaged the Palais Rohan and the Sainte-Madeleine Church. One of the oldest gothic cathedrals in France and the world, along with the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris. On the bottom, figures of the Four Seasons surround a mechanical astrolabe, which indicates the location of the planets according to Copernicus, and is surrounded by the signs of the zodiac. 00 4006 Langhausorgel im Strassburger Mnster.jpg 1,467 2,200; 3.7 MB 14-02-07-Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg-RalfR-05.jpg 2,848 4,288; 9.23 MB 14-02-07-Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg-RalfR-11.jpg 2,848 4,288; 8.14 MB Thanks to the installation of rib vaults, the nave was raised in height to 27 meters, and the upper walls were filled with stained glass windows. You will surely enjoy exploring the vibrant . Top 10 Little Known Facts about Palais Rohan. It was the tallest building in the world for a period of 227 years, 6. Bengel, Sabine; Nohlen, Marie-Jos; Potier, Stphane: This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 19:21. It was built next to Strasbourg Cathedral in the 1730s, from designs by Robert de Cotte . A Romanesque portal opens to the cloister outside. The statues in the portals are all standing upon realistically carved capitals decorated with the signs of the zodiac. Add to Favorites . 1. Portal of Saint Lawrence (North transept). It also preserves the earliest plans of the cathedral, as well as paintings and tapestries and other objects. Strasbourg cathedral is an excellent example of gothic art, though the building also has Romanesque features dating back to before 1225 when there was a change of craftsmen. The length of the cathedral is about 100 metres, with the main aisle of 38 metres. [68] Its base is topped by a gallery with pointed arches, beneath a level with large arched bays, two on each side, side, divided by clusters of columns. The exterior height of the central nave reaches an astounding 40 meters (130 feet) as well. de la Cathdrale, 67000 Strasbourg, France Phone +33 3 88 21 43 34 Web Visit website A masterpiece of Gothic architecture, Notre-Dame Cathedral rivals its more famous counterpart in Paris. These include an old bell made by Jean Rosier and Cesar Bonbon (1691). What makes this monument extraordinarily impressive are the steeple with . "It is our history," French president Emmanuel Macron said after the fire. A door opens from the chapel to an adjoining cloister behind the cathedral. Walk through history on a guided walking tour of the Strasbourg Cathedral. On the south side of the nave, the upper walls have windows depicting female saints, including local saints from Alsace or Strasbourg. Several of the original Romanesque structures were torn down to make way for this revolutionary new architectural style. The level above displays a group of mechanical chariots, with allegorical figures representing the days of the week, which move daily to bring to the front the current day of the week. [67], The spire above the tower is composed of eight stages of elaborate octagonal structure, linked together by interlaced arches and pinnacles, which contain a stairway to the lantern at the top. The cathedral was built in Gothic style. The Strasbourg astronomical clock is located in the Cathdrale Notre-Dame of Strasbourg, Alsace, France. Strasbourg Cathedral 104 Results Strasbourg Alsace France Petite France Ill Waterfront Sticker By artshop77 From $1.40 DECEMBER Canvas Print By Tritri Choupi $84.50 Strasbourg Cathedral - France Sticker By Moritz Schwble From $2.61 Strasbourg Alsace France Petite France street scene Sticker By artshop77 From $1.40 strasbourg cathedral Sticker It is in a Neo-Byzantine style, with Christ in a red frame in the center. The sculptor Jacques Zimmer added the heads of cherubs made of bronze. One of the most remarkable facts about Strasbourg Cathedral is that even though its considered to be the epitome of a church in the Gothic architectural style, the first phase consisted of Romanesque buildings. LMENTS POUR UNE RPONSE", Les grandes dates de lhistoire de la Cathdrale de Strasbourg, "1439 1527: Strasbourg, loge suprme du Saint-Empire romain germanique", "Strasbourg Cathedral and the French Revolution (17891802)", "1906-1926: Consolidation des fondations du pilier de la tou", "CLBRATION DANS LA CATHDRALE DE NOTRE-DAME STRASBOURG HOMLIE DU PAPE JEAN-PAUL II Samedi, 8 octobre 1988", "Sculpture - Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame", "L'histoire de la sculpture de saint Arbogast", "1399 1419: Construction de la haute tour", "Jubil du demi-millnaire de la flche de la cathdrale de Strasbourg. In 1918 Alsace and Strasbourg and Alscace were once again attached to France. The planned south tower was never built and as a result, with its characteristic asymmetrical form, the cathedral is now the premier landmark of Alsace. They were commissioned by Cardinal Richelieu for the Cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris, and were made to accompany a painting there, "The Vow of Louis XIII". The first overhead vault before the cupola features a 19th-century painting of the Last Judgement by Charles Auguste Steinheil, a collaborator of Eugne Viollet-le-Duc and other notable cathedral-restorers. 1500) by Nikolaus Hagenauer, probably from the former main altar of the cathedral, Parts of the original astronomical clock (Strasbourg Museum of Decorative Arts). The small circular windows above the Emperors depict scenes from the life of Christ.[73]. The other vaults in the crossing were also intended to be painted, but funding was insufficient. The clock shows much more than the official time; it also indicates solar time, the day of the week (each represented by a god of mythology), the month, the year, the sign of the zodiac, the phase of the moon and the position of several planets. Construction of the Neo-Romanessque dome over the transept was begun, and new bronze doors were installed in 1879. The currently visible, much higher crossing dome was designed in grand Romanesque Revival style by the architect Gustave Klotz, after the original dome had been heavily damaged by Prussian shelling during the Siege of Strasbourg. With a height of 18 meters (59 feet), its one of the largest astrological clocks of its kind in the world! Only those Christian denominations that have bishops have cathedrals. The Strasbourg Cathedral in France is known for its unique spire, because of it the cathedral was the highest monument in the world for more than two centuries! The history of Strasbourg's cathedral is well documented thanks to the archives of the Notre-Dame Foundation, the city of Strasbourg, and of the diocese. On the east wall, the windows depict Christ in Majesty, Saint Lawrence, a Virgin and Child, and John the Baptist. The sculpture largely dates to the late 13th century and is similar in theme and style to that of the sculpture of Reims Cathedral made between 1250 and 1260, though the Strasbourg sculpture shows greater realism.[53]. Its the capital of the Grand Est region of France in the historic region of Alsace. 5 out of 5 stars (7,356) $ 17.50. A trick saved the cathedrals spire during the French Revolution, 13. Above this is a globe, with painted figures of the Church and the Antichrist confronting each other. Use them in commercial designs under lifetime, perpetual & worldwide rights. Drawing A, circa 1260. History. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Media in category "Strasbourg Cathedral organ" The following 102 files are in this category, out of 102 total. The sacristy occupies the upper level over the chapel. [72], The three levels of the nave; arcades and collateral aisles (bottom); triforium, and upper windows, The nave is the section of the cathedral between the narthex and the choir where ordinary parishioners are seated and worship. The construction, and later maintenance, of the cathedral is supervised by the Fondation de l'uvre Notre-Dame ("Foundation of Our Lady") since at least 1224. Between 1200 and 1228, the Romanesque vaults of the north transept were replaced by the pointed Gothic rib vault, which were stronger and shifted the thrust of the weight outwards, reducing the need for massive pillars in the interior. The Gothic style also appeared in the statuary, particularly the Pillar of the Angels, and in the tympanums over the double portals on the south transept, which showed the influence of the sculpture in French Gothic cathedrals. A paleochristian church or cathedral is believed to have been founded by an edict of Clovis I, but its exact location and appearance is unknown. [82], Multiple faces of the clock -stars and hours, One face of the clock -signs of the zodiac, The astronomical clock, located in the south transept, is one of the most famous features of the cathedral. [8], Animated mechanical figure of Samson and a lion. A retrouver dans la galerie. CATHDRALE ALLEMANDE? Figures of two reclining women hold a cadran (clock face) between them which tells the minutes. After the French defeat, Alsace was ceded to the new German Empire until 1918. [56], Lintel decoration Mary ascends to Heaven, Ecclesia and Synagoga among other statues from the cathedral in the Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, The south portal, or Portal of the Virgin, dates to about the 1220s, the same time as the Pillar of the Angels and the Astronomic clock in the interior. the choir and south portal, still have very Romanesque features, with more emphasis placed on walls than on windows. As the spire of the cathedral is dominating the Strasbourg skyline, one starts to wonder why the building has an asymmetrical form, giving the structure the appearance that something is missing. Other moving figures include a trumpet player carrying a banner and a pretzel vendor being offered flour, water, and salt by the caryatides on the console. [16], A Roman settlement called Argentoratum, twenty hectares in size, existed on the site since about 12 B.C., at a strategic point where bridges crossed the Rhine and two of its tributaries. The crossing dome is placed over the meeting point of the transept and the choir, and, like the bell tower, has eight sides. In 1877, architect Gustave Klotz reconstituted the windows in their original arrangement. [29][30] The building of the second tower was often discussed, and was seriously proposed when Alsace became part of Germany after the 1871 French-German War in 1871, but was coldly received by the population of Strasbourg, who considered it would be a symbol of German occupation.[31]. [26][27][28], The octagonal north tower was the combined work of architects Ulrich Ensingen (shaft) and Johannes Hltz of Cologne (top). Strasbourg Cathedral (official French: Notre-Dame de Strasbourg ,German: Liebfrauenmnster zu Straburg, Our Lady of Strasbourg) is the Cathedral in Strasbourg. pictures from Axis Mundi Design. It replaces the original window which was one of the few windows not put into safe storage before World War II; it was destroyed by Allied bombing in 1944. It is also a very early part of the cathedral, built shortly after 1150, with nine crossings and three naves of slightly different sizes, covered by Romanesque groin vaults. Under Charlemagne, the Bishop Remi consecrated the altar and built a funeral crypt in about 778. Between the lower tower and spire there is a balustrade, almost hidden by pinnacles and other architectural decoration. From the platform of Strasbourg Cathedral, 66 meters above the ground, discover a striking panorama of the city in 1490 to the west, and in 1730 to the east. [10], The history of Strasbourg's cathedral is well documented thanks to the archives of the Notre-Dame Foundation, the city of Strasbourg, and of the diocese. The second wave of construction started in the 12th century, when the Gothic style of architecture had started to develop. The Cathedral stands on the exact site of a roman temple built on a little hill above the muddy ground. The pointed gable over the central portal, decorated with a sculpture of the Virgin Mary and child, reaches up into the space in front of the rose window. Church of St Peter the Young. Judgement of Solomon at Strasbourg Cathedral. Other articles where Cathedral of Notre-Dame is discussed: Strasbourg: The contemporary city: Strasbourg's 11th-15th-century Cathedral of Notre-Dame, damaged in 1870 and again in World War II, has been carefully restored. [83], Animated characters launch into movement at different hours of the day. After the annexation of the city by Louis XIV of France, on 30 September 1681, and a mass celebrated in the cathedral on 23 October 1681 in presence of the king and prince-bishop Franz Egon of Frstenberg,[33] the cathedral was returned to the Catholics and its inside redesigned according to the Catholic liturgy of the Counter-Reformation. 10. One of the most fascinating churches in the world can be found in the east of France. Theres a reason why the church has an asymmetrical form, 12. [83], The central tower is composed of three levels. [75], The dog of the preacher Johann Geiler von Kaysersberg, on the steps, mourning his master, The pulpit, attached to the fourth pillar of the north side of the nave, was sculpted in 1485 following a design by Hans Hammer. One of the most amazing facts about Strasbourg Cathedral is that an addition was made in the early 16th century in the post-Gothic, early-Renaissance style, as well. This is, however, nothing compared to the height of the spire, which reaches a total height of 142 meters (466 feet) above the ground. [69] The medieval crossing dome's aspect was altered several times over the centuries. In addition to the grand organ in nave, the cathedral has two smaller organs: The baptismal font by Jost Dotzinger (1453), Judgement of Solomon window in north transept (late 12th c.), Saint John the Baptist and Saint John the Evangelist (3rd quarter of 12th century), left window of north transept, The transept and the apse were built atop the Romanesque crypt, making them a little higher than the nave; they are reached by a short stairway, giving the impression that the choir and apse are the stage of a theater. He reconstructed the dome over the transept in a grander, Romanesque Revival style. While its most definitely assumed that drawings of buildings were made before the construction of this cathedral, the construction of this particular church marked an important moment in architectural history. The belltower is 142 m high. The Bishop appealed to the new Emperor, who granted one eighth of his revenues in the province toward the construction of a new Cathedral. They wear diadems and have flowers in their hair, and carry twigs of the tree of life, or fruit. [9] The Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, a municipal museum located in the Foundation's buildings, displays original works of art from the cathedral, such as sculptures and stained-glass, but also the surviving original medieval buildings plans. SUBSCRIBE TO THE NEWSLETTER AND GET THE FREE EBOOK Another two old bells by Mathieu Edel (1787) ring on the quarter hours. The main architect and the man credited with most of the cathedrals design was Erwin von Steinbach (1244-1318), a German architect. In 1372 the work was taken over a master Conrad, also known as Kuntze, about whom little is known, until 1382. The extension concerns the Neustadt, new town, designed and built under the German administration (1871-1918). [38], Seven church bells were removed and melted down to made into cannon, and gold and other precious objects in the interior confiscated and taken away, and in November 1793 the cathedral was formally proclaimed a "Temple of Reason. Inside Strasbourg Cathedral. It looks over the former cloister of the canons of the cathedral. Completed in 1439, it looms majestically over the Place de la Cathdrale, a major city square. If you enjoyed this video, make sure to subscribe to our channel. The original construction of the church on its current location started in the year 1015. Strasbourg Cathedral is located in the heart of the Grande le, an island that lies at the historic centre of the north-eastern French city and has been a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1988. One of the architects was Erwin von Steinbach. Strasbourg Cathedral in France is famous for its western facade. Is Strasbourg in Germany or France? It was originally made in 1498 by Nicolas Roder for the cemetery of Saint-Thomas, and was based on engravings by Martin Schongauer and Albrecht Drer. With its elaborate astrological clock and red sandstone surface, a visit to the Cathedral is a must. [72] Rays of yellow glass radiate outwards like a sun, surrounded mosaic-like pieces of green and blue and by small oculi with red floral designs. The wicked attempt, without success, to seduce the noble Virgins, but succeed with the foolish virgins. Emperior Charles V visits the cathedral in 1552. The cathedral has a rich history, dating back to the . The urban community is the residence for 467,375 people, while the city proper was occupied by 272,975 people based on the report in 2006. de la Cathdrale, 67000 Strasbourg, France Phone +33 3 88 21 43 34 Web Visit website One of France's most stunning examples of late Gothic architecture, Strasbourg Cathedral towers over the Northern city's skyline with dramatic, imposing details. Full description. The first astronomical clock was installed in the cathedral from 135254 until 1500. In 1505, architect Jakob von Landshut and sculptor Hans von Aachen finished rebuilding the Saint-Lawrence portal (Portail Saint-Laurent) outside the northern transept in a markedly post-Gothic, early-Renaissance style. [62][63][64][65][66], The eight-sided tower is three times higher than wide, more elongated than other Gothic towers of the 14th century. Pl. Strasbourg (UK: / s t r z b r /, US: / s t r s b r , s t r z-,-b r /, French: (); German: Straburg [tasbk] (); Bas Rhin Alsatian: Strossburi [dsbui] (), Haut Rhin Alsatian: Strossburig [dsbui] ()) is the prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est region of eastern France and the official seat of the . Download Strasbourg Cathedral stock photos. On a clear day, it can be seen all the way from the Vosges Mountains, a mountain range over 30 kilometers to the southeast of the city, and the Black Forest, a famous forest an equal distance to the east! From 1647 until 1874 it was the world's tallest building and today it is still the highest structure still standing that was built in the middle ages. 300 years actually, give or take a few decade! Further modifications were made to the crypts in the 12th century. Strasbourg Cathedral Interesting Facts The construction of the cathedral took 424 years. [67], The Klotz designed crossing dome over the transept, The crossing dome being built, 1878 or 1879, Romanesque vaults beneath the Klotz crossing dome. [75], The windows of the triforium, between the upper and lower window, contain 19th-century reconstitutions of early windows depicting the ancestors of Christ, but little of the original glass remains. Only the names remain carved on the walls. The first stone was placed on May 25, 1277, by Bishop Conrad of Lichtenberg. Notre Dame de Strasbourg Cathedral. Construction of the original, on the exact site of a Roman temple, was initiated in 1015 but later destroyed by a fire. It is the second most visited cathedral in France, just after Notre Dame de Paris! [84], In 2004 the apse and choir received some of its historic furnishings; fifteen choir stalls made by Claude Burdy and Claude Bergerat in 1692, as well as a group of busts of the apostles originally placed there in the 18th century. When the word was spread that Adolf Hitler wanted to turn the church into a national sanctuary of the German people during World War II, all the stained-glass windows were put into 74 boxes and stored in a salt mine near Heilbronn in Germany. By car Served by the A4 and the A35. These windows date to about 1345. [35] Fragments can be seen in the Muse de luvre Notre-Dame. At the lower level are statues of the four Evangelists. The work was completed in 1439. The crossing of the transept and the choir is topped by the central cupola or dome, which is supported by four gigantic pillars, each wrapped in eight columns, which reach up to support the vaults under the cupola. [45] During that same war, the stained glass was removed in 74 cases. It also contains the tomb of Conrad de Bussnang, a prominent member of the chapter, whose image is portrayed in sculpture praying before the Virgin and child. During the French Revolution in the late 18th century, churches in France were in great danger. Recent Boards {{ board.name }} {{ board.total_asset_count }} View all Boards View all Sets CREATE BOARD. The portal of the infancy of Christ (left) depicts angels, bishops and saints in the voussures, and figures representing the virtues, carrying spears, prod the figures representing the vices. The church marked a historic moment in architecture, 11. Walk up 66 meters to marvel at the view of Strasbourg from the top of the clock. The two rose windows above are later, from the 14th century, with vegetal designs. Fortunately for Strasbourg, the Romanesque church burnt down in 1176, and reconstruction dragged on sufficiently for the bishop to mostly use the newly . Even though the cathedral was eventually surpassed in height by the St. Nikolai Church in Hamburg, Germany, it still holds the record of being the tallest church in the world that was completely constructed during the Middle Ages. Adolf Hitler, who visited it on 28 June 1940, intended to transform the church into a "national sanctuary of the German people",[43] or into a monument to the Unknown German Soldier. [18], The next major step was the reconstruction of the nave into the Gothic style, which took place between 1240 and 1274. The sculpture over the central tympanum and over the south portal of the transept was saved because it was covered with wooden planks with the revolutionary motto "Libert-Egalit-Fraternit,"[36], In April 1794, the Enrags started planning to tear the spire down, on the grounds that it hurt the principle of equality. The ornate and colourful decoration of pinnacle, spires, and sculpture Sculpture also hangs beneath the organ, including a moving figure of Samson opening the jaws of a lion. [44] On 1 March 1941, General Leclerc made the "Oath of Kufra" (serment de Koufra), stating he would "rest the weapons only when our beautiful colours fly again on Strasbourg's cathedral". It was the tallest building of world for over 227 years. During the French Revolution nine bells were taken out and melted down to make cannon, but the "Totonglock" and a second bell, the "Zehrnerglock" (1.58 meters, 2.225 tons), made in Mathieu Edel in 1786, were preserved to ring the hours and serve as alarm bells for the city. It is the seat of a Bishop. Interior of the Strasbourg cathedral De kathedraal van Straatsburg (Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg, Strassburger Mnster) behoort tot de grootste en beroemdste kathedralen van Frankrijk. The Chapel of John the Baptist preserves its thick Romanesque walls and two Romanesque windows. Lets take a closer look at some of the most interesting facts about Strasbourg Cathedral. The tower is one of the first to rely substantially on craftsmanship, with the final appearance being one with a high degree of linearity captured in stone. In the portal of the Last Judgement, (right) Christ sits on his throne sorting the virtuous from the wicked. Most of the stained-glass windows date back to the Middle Ages, 14. In the south transept, the lancet and oculus windows in the two large bays on the east, built in 12201227, are modelled after those in the lower choir of Chartres Cathedral. This cathedral was then again replaced by a more prominent structure which consisted of three naves and three apses, and it was on the ruins of this Carolingian cathedral that the original modern-day cathedral was constructed in 1015. The Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, or Museum of the Work of Notre-Dame, is located in a medieval and Renaissance building not far from the cathedral, and displays a collection of some of the most delicate original works of sculpture and art from Cathedral, moved there to protect them from environmental damage. It measures 142 m (466 ft) and remained the tallest building in the world until 1847. The city celebrated its 2,000th anniversary in October of the year 1988 because it was first mentioned as the Ancient Roman settlement of Argentoratum in the year 12 B.C. [84], The stained glass window in the axis of the apse depicts the Virgin of Alscace. Cathedrals can be found in the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox . It takes its reddish-brown color from the sandstone of the Vosges mountains. Three high-spots make the visit unforgettable. The tracery and decoration of the interior are very much like of that exterior, with blind galleries and delicate parallel vertical lines, like the strings of a harp. The work of Professor Robert O. Bork of the University of Iowa suggests that the design of the Strasbourg faade, while seeming almost random in its complexity, can be constructed using a series of rotated octagons. It is decorated with four vertical groups of statue-columns, depicting scenes from Christ and the Last Judgement, as well as four angels carrying the instruments of the Passion, and above that, four more angels sounding trumpets. Strasbourg is, indeed, in France. This faade has been credited to Erwin von Steinback and is considered to be an absolute masterpiece of the Gothic Era. Cathdrale Notre Dame de Strasbourg or Strasbourg Cathedral is the 6th tallest church in the world, built entirely in the medieval period. The observation deck is located at a height of 66 meters (217 feet) and offers some of the most amazing views of the wonderful city of Strasbourg and its surroundings! ABOUT Strasbourg Cathedral: discover the Gothic masterpiece! This was then carried out in the south transept. A round, Baroque sacristy of modest proportions was added north-east of the northern transept in 1744 by the city's chief architect Joseph Massol according to plans by Robert de Cotte and between 1772 and 1778 architect Jean-Laurent Goetz surrounded the cathedral by a gallery in early Gothic Revival style in order to reorganise the merchants' shops that used to settle around the building (and would do so until 1843).

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