what is the population of oceania

They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. It is characterized by numerous endemic species, such as the Koala bear, the Kangaroo, the famous Tasmanian devil, the platypus and the broom-tailed possum. [167] Some cultural and political definitions of Australasia include most or all of Melanesia, due to its geographical proximity to Australia and New Zealand, but these are rare. The island chain borders both the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate, and is geologically a partially submerged volcanic extension of the Aleutian Range on the Alaskan mainland, that stretches for another 1,600 kilometers. "[99] Scottish academic John Merry Ross in 1879 considered Polynesia to cover the entire South and Central Pacific area, not just islands ethnographically within Polynesia. It corresponds to the following formula: projection, It corresponds to the calculation: projection, It corresponds to the formula: LN(2)/LN(growth/100+1), which produces exactly the same result as LOG, "Fast facts about Australia - Australia in Brief - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade", Current real density based on food growing capacity, Antiviral medications for pandemic influenza, Percentage suffering from undernourishment, Health expenditure by country by type of financing, Programme for International Student Assessment, Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies, Progress in International Reading Literacy Study, Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Oceanian_countries_by_population&oldid=1137423444, Lists of countries by continent, by population, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 4 February 2023, at 15:56. Santa Cruz, a population located in Remote Oceania, is an anomaly with extreme frequencies of autochthonous haplogroups of Near Oceanian origin. The campaign to take Samoa ended without bloodshed after over 1,000 New Zealanders landed on the German colony. The 'Asia-Pacific region' would comprise two quasi-continents. [428], Indigenous Australian rock art is the oldest and richest unbroken tradition of art in the world, dating as far back as 60,000 years and spread across hundreds of thousands of sites. The most inclusivebut not always the most usefulembraces about 25,000 land areas between Asia and the Americas. [338], Archaeology, linguistics, and existing genetic studies indicate that Oceania was settled by two major waves of migration. However, Tyler included other Pacific islands in his book as well, such as the Aleutian Islands, the Bonin Islands, the Japanese archipelago, the Juan Fernndez Islands, the Kuril Islands, the Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, California's Channel Islands and Farallon Islands, Canada's Vancouver Island and Queen Charlotte Islands (now known as Haida Gwaii), Chile's Chilo Island, Ecuador's Galpagos Islands, Mexico's Guadalupe Island, Revillagigedo Islands, San Benito Islands and Tres Maras Islands, and Peru's Chincha Islands. The global sex ratio in the world was approximately 1,016 males to 1,000 females as of 2022. Approximately 3.5 thousand years ago, a second expansion of Austronesian speakers arrived in Near Oceania, and the descendants of these people spread to the far corners of the Pacific, colonising Remote Oceania. In 1842, Tahiti and Tahuata were declared a French protectorate, to allow Catholic missionaries to work undisturbed. "[87] Rand McNally & Company, an American publisher of maps and atlases, claimed in 1892 that, "Oceania comprises the large island of Australia and the innumerable islands of the Pacific Ocean" and also that the islands of the Malay archipelago "should be grouped in with Asia. Modern-day Indigenous Australians are loosely related to Melanesians,[161][162] and Australia maintains political influence over Melanesia,[159] which is mostly located on the same tectonic plate. [244] The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands were formed c. 7 to 30 million years ago, as shield volcanoes over the same volcanic hotspot that formed the Emperor Seamounts to the north and the Main Hawaiian Islands to the south. [85] Publication Missionary Review of the World claimed in 1895 that Oceania was divided up into five groups; Australasia, Malesia, Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. In this book, he included the Aleutian Islands, the Galpagos Islands, the Japanese archipelago, the Kuril Islands and continental islands off the coast of the Americas such as the Channel Islands, the Farallon Islands and Vancouver Island;[141] all of these islands lie in or close to the Pacific Ring of Fire, as is the case with New Guinea and New Zealand, which were also included. CSIRO Publishing. "[73] The Pacific Islands Forum expanded during the early 2010s, and areas that were already included in the UN definition of Oceania, such as French Polynesia, gained membership. A negative number means that there are more emigrants than immigrants. Yearly % Change: For 2019: percentage change in total population over the last year (from July 1, 2018 to June 30 2019). [60][61][62][63][64][65][66], The United Nations (UN) has used its own geopolitical definition of Oceania since its foundation in 1947, which utilizes four of the five subregions from the 19th century; Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. [175][176] The UN further define the subregion as including Australia's Indian Ocean external territory Heard Island and McDonald Islands. [384] The King is represented by the Governor-General, whom he appoints on the advice of the Prime Minister. iii. A major economic and cultural powerhouse of the Southern Hemisphere, Auckland is ranked as a Beta+ world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Australia itself has a population of approximately 25.7 million, while New Zealand's population is close to 4.85 million. [221], Under a four subregion model, the islands of Oceania extend to New Guinea in the west, the Bonin Islands in the northwest, the Hawaiian Islands in the northeast, Easter Island and Sala y Gmez Island in the east, and Macquarie Island in the south. [280] In the tropical western Pacific, the monsoon and the related wet season during the summer months contrast with dry winds in the winter which blow over the ocean from the Asian landmass. However, he wrote that these islands "are not usually reckoned as belonging to it, because they are known to be inhabited by races of people who came immediately from the adjacent continents and are unconnected with those tribes of the human race who peopled the remote islands of this great ocean." [234], Polynesia, stretching from Hawaii in the north to New Zealand in the south, also encompasses Tuvalu, Tokelau, Samoa, Tonga, and the Kermadec Islands to the west, the Cook Islands, Society Islands and Austral Islands in the center, and the Marquesas Islands, the Tuamotus, Mangareva Islands, and Easter Island to the east. Auckland and Wellington are frequently ranked among the world's most liveable cities, with Auckland being ranked first in the world according to the Global Liveability Ranking. Public health experts [38] The Oxford Handbook of World History (2011) describes the areas encompassed in Oceania as being "afterthoughts in world history texts, lumped together and included at the end of global surveys as areas largely marginal to the main events of world history". Our client is actively searching for an Asso Professor/ Professor (Population Health Implementation Science) to join their team. Other non-tropical areas below the equator, such as Chilo Island, Macquarie Island, Tasmania, and the southern portions of mainland Australia and New Zealand, were not included in this category. Australia (59.82%) Papua New Guinea (20.67%) New Zealand (11.51%) Fiji (2.18%) Solomon Islands (1.48%) Vanuatu (0.70%) New Caledonia (0.69%) French Polynesia (0.69%) Other (2.26%) See also [ edit] List of Eurasian countries by population The Marshall Islands were claimed by Spain in 1874. Density (P/Km): (Population Density) Population per square Kilometer (Km). For Australia and New Zealand, 85% of the population lives in urban areas, while on the islands most people live in rural areas. New Caledonia sends two representatives to the French National Assembly and two senators to the French Senate. [126] The book defined Oceania's major subregions as being Australia, Indonesia (which included all areas associated with the Malay archipelago), Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. [184][183], Indigenous Australians are the original inhabitants of the Australian continent and nearby islands who migrated from Africa to Asia c. 70,000 years ago[185] and arrived in Australia c. 50,000 years ago. [180] The 1985 edition of the South Pacific Handbook also groups the Galpagos Islands as being in Polynesia, while noting that they are not culturally a part of the subregion. "[102] In 1948, American military journal Armed Forces Talk broke the islands of the Pacific up into five major subdivisions; Indonesia, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia and the non-tropical Islands. The number of its inhabitants is approximately 34,300,000 (according to the 2010 census), a figure that is increasing due to the substantial difference in the birth rate (21%) and death rate (9%). The passerines of Australia, also known as songbirds or perching birds, include wrens, the magpie group, thornbills, corvids, pardalotes, lyrebirds. [395][396] Since the mid-20th century, American popular culture has strongly influenced Australia, particularly through television and cinema. The notable exceptions, those islands more than 400 statute miles from any other, are: Clipperton Island, Easter Island, Salas y Gmez, Johnston Atoll, Norfolk Island, Marcus Island and Parece Vela. Thehighest mountainon the continent is located in New Guinea and isMount Jaya at 4,884 meters above sea level. the United States population is equivalent to 4.25% of the total world population. [323], Sydney is the most multicultural city in Oceania, having more than 250 different languages spoken with about 40% of residents speaking a language other than English at home. [168] Australia, New Zealand and the islands of Melanesia are more commonly grouped together as part of the Australasian biogeographical realm. Fiji has a multiparty system with the Prime Minister of Fiji as head of government. [427] These early peoples lacked a writing system, and made works on perishable materials, so few records of them exist from this time. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. [120] The South Pacific Commission is a developmental organization formed in 1947 and is currently known as the Pacific Community; its members include Australia and other Pacific Islands Forum members. Oceania thus has the most to lose, culturally speaking, from the pressures of global political and economic change. This date range is based on glottochronological calculations and on three radiocarbon dates from charcoal that appears to have been produced during forest clearance activities. [72] In a 2008 article for the India Quarterly journal titled Oceania and Security: A Perspective from New Zealand, author Peter Cozens stated, "the region of Oceania is characterised by vast distances across the sea between continental land masses [] It is difficult to be precise about the term Oceania and its exact delimitation", adding that "the principal regional political grouping is contained within the Pacific Island Forum (PIF) - the 16 states making up the Forum are: Australia, Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, New Zealand, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu - in general terms this is the area referred to as Oceania by the United Nations and similar agencies. [247] Desert or semi-arid land commonly known as the outback makes up by far the largest portion of land. Corrections? including Australia, 31,377,000. Despite centuries of European influence, Samoa maintains its historical customs, social and political systems, and language. [196], The earliest archaeological traces of civilization have been found on the island of Saipan, dated to 1500 BCE or slightly before. [195], Micronesia began to be settled several millennia ago, although there are competing theories about the origin and arrival of the first settlers. Geographic coordinates. The governor is elected statewide. Urban Population: Population living in areas classified as urban according to the criteria used by each country. [275] The goanna is a predatory lizard native to the Australian mainland. [328][329][330], European migration to New Zealand provided a major influx following the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840. [121] The 2007 book Asia in the Pacific Islands: Replacing the West, by New Zealand Pacific scholar Ron Crocombe, defined the term "Pacific Islands" as being islands in the South Pacific Commission, and stated that such a definition "does not include Galpagos and other [oceanic] islands off the Pacific coast of the Americas; these were uninhabited when Europeans arrived, then integrated with a South American country and have almost no contact with other Pacific Islands." Urban population has increased from 21,936,910 (70.1%) in 2000 to 31,011,800 (70.5%) in the current year. In 1820, the first American missionaries arrived to preach Christianity and teach the Hawaiians Western ways. [16] Most Oceanian countries are multi-party representative parliamentary democracies, with tourism being a large source of income for the Pacific Islands nations. [67] Papua New Guinea is geographically the closest country to Australia, and is often geologically associated with Australia as it was once physiologically connected. For all other years: average annual numerical change over the preceding five year period. Description . [386] A parliamentary general election must be called no later than three years after the previous election. Population Pyramids: OCEANIA - 2022. Oceania then, in its most restricted meaning, includes more than 10,000 islands, with a total land area (excluding Australia, but including Papua New Guinea and New Zealand) of approximately 317,700 square miles (822,800 square km). The executive power is exercised by the government. From 1527 to 1595 a number of other large Spanish expeditions crossed the Pacific Ocean, leading to the arrival in Marshall Islands and Palau in the North Pacific, as well as Tuvalu, the Marquesas Islands, the Solomon Islands archipelago, the Cook Islands, and the Admiralty Islands in the South Pacific. The information shown follows sources in cross-referenced articles; where sources differ, provisos have been clearly indicated. [381], New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy,[382] although its constitution is not codified. The term Oceania is usually used to denote the region . The current population of Oceania is 44,124,398 as of Friday, February 24, 2023, based on the latest United Nations estimates. [211] Abel Tasman circumnavigated and landed on parts of the Australian continental coast and discovered Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania), New Zealand in 1642, and Fiji. 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