influenza like illness definition cdc

These challenges have provided the scientific and public health community experience in real-time forecasting, the ability to evaluate forecast accuracy, and experience in communicating and applying these forecasts in real-world settings. Surveillance case definitions enable public health officials to classify and count cases consistently across reporting jurisdictions. CDC recommends annual flu vaccination as long as flu activity is ongoing. Find information about current and past flu seasons. To see the most recent forecasts, click the forecast week immediately preceeding the dotted "Today" line. Despite the challenge still posed in the clinical separation of influenza from other respiratory infections, the global use of the new WHO case definitions should help determine global trends in the characteristics and transmission of influenza viruses and the associated disease burden. 2013;8(6):e65919. After the 20092010 H1N1 influenza pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) initiated a technical consultation on global influenza surveillance. PLoS ONE. Before They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. Nonetheless, forecasters are requested to continue to submit point predictions, which should aim to minimize the absolute error (AE). Note: Javascript is disabled or is not supported by your browser. Though less common than spread through droplets that come from the nose and mouth when people cough, sneeze, or talk. Example: A forecast predicts there is a probability of 0.3 (i.e., a 30% chance) that the flu season starts on week 45, with the remaining 0.7 probability distributed across other weeks according to the forecast. 2018 Feb 1;2(2):CD001269. If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. The package can be downloaded from GitHub. But sometimes, influenza and its complications can be deadly. [3], The causes of influenza-like illness range from benign self-limited illnesses such as gastroenteritis, rhinoviral disease, and influenza, to severe, sometimes life-threatening, diseases such as meningitis, sepsis, and leukemia. a respiratory disease that lacks uniquely defining symptomology. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. It does not, however, measure the extent of geographic spread of flu within a state. Codes that did not correlate with positive specimen trends included acute tonsillitis and throat pain. Flu viruses can also spread when a person touches something that is contaminated with flu viruses and then touches their eyes, nose, or mouth. These groups of people include: children younger than 5 years old, adults 65 years old or older, pregnant people, and people with certain chronic health conditions. During an epidemic, 6070% of patients with a clear influenza-like illness actually have influenza. "Unfortunately theres a lot of mis-use of words out there, which can lead to confusion," he says. Seasonal flu activity continues at low levels across most of the county. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. Key Flu Indicators Each week, year-round, CDC analyzes information about influenza disease activity in the United States. About CDC Stacks. Common causes of ILI include the common cold and influenza, which tends to be less common but more severe than the common cold. Preventing one illness or additional complications is critical.. He points to the 2009 pandemic of H1N1 when 58 percent of individuals with laboratory-confirmed influenza did not actually have influenza-like illness symptoms. Visitors to this site can view current and past forecasts throughout the flu season for the start and peak week, peak intensity, and the near-term activity at the national and regional levels. The person next in line to touch those surfaces then rubs their eyes or nose, and the virus continues to spread. If the patient requires hospitalisation, the illness is classified instead as a severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). Disclaimer. endobj Forecasts for the 10 Health and Human Service Regions can be selected using the dropdown menu on the right side of the graph. Seasonal influenza A and B viruses are continually undergoing evolution in unpredictable ways. MeSH If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand rub. To someone suffering from body aches and a sore throat, the distinctions between influenza, COVID-19 or another flu-like virus probably doesnt matter as much they feel lousy either way. Infect Dis Rep. 2022 Sep 23;14(5):710-758. doi: 10.3390/idr14050076. Suspected case (see case under investigation). Ratti M, Concina D, Rinaldi M, Salinelli E, Di Brisco AM, Ferrante D, Volpe A, Panella M. Vaccines (Basel). Most cases of ILI are caused not by influenza but by other viruses (e.g., rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, human respiratory syncytial virus, adenoviruses, and human parainfluenza viruses). However many studies use other definitions, some not specifying a temperature and requiring specific respiratory and/or systemic symptoms, making many samples non-comparable. Seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness against medically attended influenza illness among children aged 6-59 months, October 2011-September 2012: A matched test-negative case-control study in Suzhou, China. (2012) A Proposal for Standardized Evaluation of Epidemiological Models. These candidate vaccine viruses can be used in case of a public health emergency to produce a pandemic flu vaccine. Prescription medications called antiviral drugs can be used to treat flu. Influenza Surveillance Report (FluView), Previous Forecasts for the 2021-2022 Season, Tools to Prepare Your Practice for Flu Season, Information for Clinicians on Influenza Virus Testing, Multiplex Assays Authorized for Simultaneous Detection of Influenza Viruses and SARS-CoV-2, Information on Collection of Respiratory Specimens for Influenza Virus Testing, Information for Clinicians on Rapid Diagnostic Testing for Influenza, Information on Rapid Molecular Assays, RT-PCR, and other Molecular Assays for Diagnosis of Influenza Virus Infection, Algorithm: Interpreting Influenza Testing Results When Influenza is Circulating, Algorithm: Interpreting Influenza Testing Results When Influenza is NOT Circulating, Guide: Influenza Diagnostic Testing in Closed Setting Outbreaks, Guidance: Standard-Based Electronic Laboratory Reporting, Guidance: Antiviral and Obstetric Health Care, Guidance: Outbreak Management in Long-Term Care Facilities, Guidance: Use of Mask to Control Influenza Transmission, Guidance: Prevention & Control in Peri- and Postpartum Settings, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. In this infographic, learn how to fight flu by getting vaccinated, taking everyday preventive actions, and taking antiviral medicines if prescribed. 2022 Dec 23;11(1):32. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11010032. Saving Lives, Protecting People. These criteria may be more appropriate in outpatient settings. Guidelines for the 2019-20 influenza forecasting challenge can be found here, The submission document for the 2019-20 influenza forecasting challenge can be found here. The advent of the novel H INI virus prompted HDHHS to use the existing sentinel surveillance system . ILI is well established in the literature and in the operational definition of many surveillance databases and its imprecise definition may be inhibiting progress in research and treatment. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Epub 2014 Sep 30. "The international agency's director-general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, said that "H5N1 has spread widely in wild birds and poultry for 25 years, but the 4 0 obj During the week of May 16-22, 2010, (the final FluView for the 2009-2010 influenza season . Influenza-associated Hospitalizations. Forecasted "onset" week values should be for the first week of that three week period. UW Health family medicine physician Jonathan Temte, MD, explains that the simple definition of influenza-like illness from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) is an illness with a fever of 100 degrees or higher, along with either a cough or a sore throat that is not due to any other known cause. If there is an abrupt onset of symptoms - people go from feeling well to unwell in a matter of minutes to an hour, or if there are fever, chills, cough or sore throat thats a good reason to call into the doctor or other caregiver. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 33 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Available at: https://www.stat.washington.edu/raftery/Research/PDF/Gneiting2007jasa.pdf. Probable cases are usually thought to be more likely to have a disease than, Zanamivir is an influenza (flu) antiviral drug that is approved for use in the United States. Conjunctivitis is the medical term for inflammation of the eyelids or the covering over the eye, typically caused by infection or chemical exposure. Influenza (flu) is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. Use the interactive tool below to explore submitted forecasts for the 20192020 influenza season. Optimal case definitions also need to have a balance of sensitivity and specificity that reflects their intended use. "The time of year we have our influenza vaccine clinics is often September, October and November," Temte explains. When severe, flu can result in hospitalization and even death. The World Health Organization defines an illness as an ILI if the patient has a fever greater than or equal to 38 C and a cough, which began in the last 10 days. Epub 2015 Oct 21. As part of the forecasting initiative, CDC has developed, through EPI, the FluSight flu forecasting website, which facilitates the real-time sharing and visualization of weekly flu forecasts. Influenza burden estimates are essential to informing prevention and control policies. Definitions ranged from a total absence of symptoms to a lack of influenza-like illness (ILI) or acute respiratory illness (ARI). The intensity will be defined as the highest numeric value, rounded to one decimal place, that the weighted ILINet percentage reaches during the 2019-20 influenza season. When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be given with the vaccine.[21]. Motivation [4] The use of multiplexed point-of-care testing such as CRP (C-reactive protein) along with an examination by a doctor may help to identify a bacterial and avoid an unnecessary antibiotic prescription. Have a video visit with a provider using your computer, tablet or smartphone. Less common causes of ILI include bacteria such as Legionella, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. NA plays an important role in infection by allowing a flu virus to exit an infected cell in order to spread infection to other healthy cells. Everyone 6 months of age and older needs a flu vaccine. the live attenuated influenza vaccine) is a vaccine that consists of live virus that has been weakened through chemical or physical processes to produce an immune response without causing disease in the vaccinated person. -, Turbelin C., Souty C., Pelat C., Hanslik T., Sarazin M., Blanchon T. Age distribution of influenza like illness cases during post-pandemic A(H3N2): comparison with the twelve previous seasons, in France. government site. Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults. For the general public, the start of the season offers an important opportunity to take preventive measures, such as getting vaccinated, before flu becomes widespread. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. For flu, there is a seasonal epidemic almost every year in the United States usually between October and mid-May. Geng Y, Hao Y, Xu X, Huang R, He F, Ni J, Zhan J, Chen Y, Hu F, Wu C. J Clin Lab Anal. ILI Activity Level. In addition to the final scores, CDC may provide interim score reports to participants on a semi-regular basis during the season. Please note that forecasts will not display on Internet Explorer. 2022 Dec;36(12):e24778. If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. Incidence of influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory infection during three influenza seasons in Bangladesh, 20082010. 2016 May 5;34(21):2460-2465. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.056. MMWR. ILINet data are generally updated every Friday, and forecasts are generally available by Tuesday. Influenza-like illness is a nonspecific respiratory illness characterized by fever, fatigue, cough, and other symptomsthat stop within a few days. influenza-like illness or ILI) occurring in the general population. system and explain the available features and use of the "Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Activity Level Indicator Determined by Data Reported to ILINet" web application. For instance, the CDC defines it as a 100F (38C) fever or greater, and a cough or sore throat. Rosenfeld R, J Grefenstette, and D Burke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. It is also used as a precautionary measure to prevent illness in people who have been exposed to animals infected with or environments contaminated by novel (i.e., new in humans) influenza A viruses, such as the viruses that cause bird flu or swine flu. Content and Copyright Public Access Policy Motivation If a patient visits the clinic with a fever, cough and sore throat during the peak, theres a good chance it is influenza. [2] Other organisations may have different definitions. Asian HPAI H5N1 virus infection in humans was first detected in 1997 during poultry outbreaks in Hong Kong and has since been detected in poultry and wild birds in more than 60 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East since 2003. 1 0 obj Influenza (flu) is a common contagious viral respiratory illness that can affect the nose, throat, and lungs. You can review and change the way we collect information below. Your doctor may prescribe influenza antiviral drugs to treat your flu illness, which can lessen the severity of your illness, shorten the amount of time you are sick and help prevent serious flu complications. Forecasts which are not submitted (e.g. if a week is missed) or that are incomplete (e.g. Novel subtypes include, but are not limited to, H2, H5, H7, and H9 subtypes. H5N1 Update: Two Human H5N1 Cases in Cambodia, CDC Vital Signs: Inequities in Flu Vaccine Uptake, Recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, CDC Director Adopts Preference for Specific Flu Vaccines for Seniors, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. These centers receive samples obtained from patients diagnosed with ILI, and test the samples for the presence of an influenza virus. Don't leave the sofa. [citation needed], In most years, in the majority of samples tested, the influenza virus is not present (see figure above). Since they do not typically spread among people and most people do not have antibodies against such viruses, avian influenza A viruses are also considered to be novel influenza A viruses. history of fever or measured fever of 38 C. For the peak week target, in the case of multiple peak weeks, the probability assigned to the bins containing each peak week will be summed. FOIA HPAI A viruses can cause very severe disease in birds; however, infection of poultry with LPAI viruses may cause no disease or mild illness (such as ruffled feathers and a drop in egg production) and may not be detected. Influenza, RSV, and certain bacterial infections are particularly important causes of ILI because these infections can lead to serious complications requiring hospitalization. Some people are more likely to suffer serious flu complications, including older adults, pregnant people, young children and people with certain chronic health conditions. Novel subtypes include, but are not limited to, H2, H5, H7, and H9 subtypes. Pandemic influenza preparedness and response: a WHO guidance document. Seasonal influenza viruses are influenza A and B viruses that spread and cause illness in people during the time of year known as the flu season. Seasonal influenza viruses cause annual U.S. influenza epidemics during fall, winter, and spring, and circulate among people worldwide. This application is part of the CDC FluView report, which provides weekly influenza surveillance information in the United States. 2013;10(143), Azziz-Baumgartner E., Alamgir A.S.M., Rahman M., Homaira N., Sohel B.M., Sharker M.A.Y. If onset is never reached during the season, only the probability assigned to the bin for none will be scored. Click throughout the season to examine forecasts received during a given week. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. Epub 2016 Mar 24. SARS-CoV-2 can present with a very wide variety of symptoms including those suggestive of influenza.". Accurate and timely forecasts for the start of the season can be useful in planning for influenza prevention and control activities. ARI is a more sensitive (broader) way than influenza-like illness (ILI) to describe illness consistent with influenza (flu) because fever or feverishness is not required. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Symptoms Treatment Most seasonal flu vaccines are designed to target the HA of the flu viruses that research suggests will be most common during the flu season. WHO surveillance case definitions for ILI and SARI. Undefined natural logs (which occur when the probability assigned to the observed outcome was 0) will be assigned a value of -10. Overview Flu (influenza) is an infection of the nose, throat and lungs, which are part of the respiratory system. The 2019-20 ILINet baseline values for the US overall and each HHS region are . Infectious diseases causing ILI include respiratory syncytial virus, malaria, acute HIV/AIDS infection, herpes, hepatitis C, Lyme disease, rabies, myocarditis,[9] Q fever, dengue fever,[10] poliomyelitis, pneumonia, measles, SARS, COVID-19, and many others. Temte, who researches influenza and influenza-like viruses in local communities, explains that there are many viruses that are contagious and cause similar symptoms to influenza. You can review and change the way we collect information below. A close contact is someone who has come within about 6 feet (2 meters) of a confirmed case or case under investigation (CUI) while the case was ill (beginning one day prior to symptom onset and continuing until resolution of illness). Less common causes include side effects of many drugs and manifestations of many other diseases. Influenza-like illness (ILI), also known as flu-like syndrome or flu-like symptoms, is a medical diagnosis of possible influenza or other illness causing a set of common symptoms. The 2011 clinical definition from the World Health Organization (WHO) is an acute respiratory illness with a measured temperature equal to or greater than 100.4 degrees F and cough, with onset within the past 10 days. EnglishEspaol (Spanish)Hmoob (Hmong) (Chinese)Deutsch (German) (Arabic) (Russian) (Korean)Ting Vit (Vietnamese)Deitsch (Pennsylvania Dutch) (Lao)Franais (French)Polski (Polish) (Hindi)Shqip (Albanian)Tagalog (Tagalog Filipino), who researches influenza and influenza-like viruses in local communities, Language Access: Notice of Nondiscrimination. Interim scores will not impact final team standings. Antiviral chemoprophylaxis is the use of influenza (flu) antiviral drugs to prevent flu illness. While critics may argue the vaccine isnt always effective, the reality is that the vaccine does help reduce the risk of getting influenza. Your fever should be gone without the need to use a fever-reducing medicine, such as acetaminophen. CDC recommends annual flu vaccination as long as flu activity is ongoing. NOTE: A surveillance case definition is a set of uniform criteria used to define a disease for public health surveillance. CDC collaborates in the preparation of candidate vaccine viruses that are provided to vaccine manufacturers prior to every flu season. Check with your doctor promptly if you are at higher risk of developing serious flu complications and you get flu symptoms. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) definition of influenza-like illness was used: fever > 37.8C at presentation with a cough and/or sore throat. Avian influenza A viruses (i.e., bird flu viruses) primarily infect birds. Definition The onset of the season is defined as the MMWR surveillance week when the percentage of visits for influenza-like illness (ILI) reported through ILINet reaches or exceeds the baseline value for three consecutive weeks. You may be able to spread flu to someone else before you know you are sick, as well as while you are sick. "Flu is often used as a generalized term that stands for influenza but is also used to describe colds and even the stomach flu which is totally different. ", Influenza vaccination is of critical importance this year as we combat the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In the United States, a flu epidemic occurs when flu activity is higher than a CDC-defined baseline value. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. Examples of HPAI H5 viruses include HPAI H5N1, HPAI H5N2, HPAI H5N6, HPAI H5N8 and HPAI H5N9. Is influenza an influenza-like illness? Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. Purpose: the information and products presented on the website. A health care facility, such as a nursing home, a skilled nursing facility, or an assisted living facility that provides medical and personal care to people who are unable to manage independently in the community. See also: illness Influenza-like illness (ILI) ILI is defined as fever (temperature of 100 F or greater) and cough and/or sore throat. People with certain long-term health conditions, like asthma or diabetes, are at higher risk of serious flu complications. Antigens are molecular structures on the surface of viruses that are recognized by the immune system and are capable of triggering an immune response (i.e., the creation of antibodies). You will be subject to the destination website's privacy They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the The seasonal targets are the onset week, the peak week, and the peak intensity of the 2019-20 influenza season. The percent positive reached a maximum of about 25%. Influenza (flu) viruses that are known to circulate in pigs are called swine influenza viruses when isolated from pigs, but are called variant viruses when isolated from humans. These include fever, shivering, chills, malaise, dry cough, loss of appetite, body aches, and nausea, sneezing typically in connection with a sudden onset of illness. If someone has flu-like symptoms, they will usually develop a rash 1-4 days later. Influenza infection causes a clinical syndrome not easily distinguished from other respiratory infections. eCollection 2022. Other drugs associated with a flu-like syndrome include bisphosphonates, caspofungin, and levamisole. CDC and the medical community refer to this as the flu season. HA is also an antigen. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children. Global Influenza Programme; Geneva: 2009. <> Forecasted "onset" week values should be for the first week of that three week period. A human case of infection with an influenza A virus subtype that is different from currently circulating human influenza H1 and H3 viruses. Available at: http://delphi.midas.cs.cmu.edu/files/StandardizedEvaluationRevised12-11-09.pdf. But when it is COVID-19 or a flu-like illness, it will just have to run its course there are not currently any effective anti-viral medications to treat it. Flu forecasting can change that by offering the possibility to look into the future and better plan ahead, potentially reducing the impact of flu. The revision process not only modified the definition of influenza-like illness, to include a simplified list of the criteria shown to be most predictive of influenza infection, but also clarified the language used for the definition, to enhance interpretability. Roles for Pathogen Interference in Influenza Vaccination, with Implications to Vaccine Effectiveness (VE) and Attribution of Influenza Deaths. Jefferson T, Rivetti A, Di Pietrantonj C, Demicheli V. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Antigens are the components of the flu vaccine that prompt your body to have an immune response. For healthcare, pharmacy, and public health authorities, a forecast for the peak week can guide efficient staff and resource allocation. Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS)National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "While its important to stay home when you are sick," he says, "the reality is that individuals who haveSARS-CoV-2 or influenza can spread it without actually experiencing significant symptoms.". Influenza tends to last within a community for eight to nine weeks meaning approximately 90 percent of cases will occur during that time frame. Wash your hands regularly with soap and water. ILI is defined as fever (100F/37.8C) plus Most ILI studies find less than 25% of cases are RT-PCR-positive, those which test for other viruses and bacteria usually find multiple other pathogens, and most identify no pathogen in about 50% of cases. "By very early, we mean starting the medication within 48 hours of the first symptoms of influenza," he says. When it is influenza, Temte says, there are medications that can be highly effective if used very early in the course of symptoms. Antigen is the component of the flu vaccine that prompts your bodys immune response. Most were false alarms. Please note that while cdcfluview accesses publically available CDC data, it is not produced, maintained, or endorsed by the CDC. A protein on the surface of an influenza (flu) virus that can stimulate an immune response. This term is used to refer to highly-pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5) viruses. Interested in participating in the challenge? Definition Learn the symptoms of flu. Epub 2022 Nov 29. The current estimate is that only 40 percent of children aged 6 months to 4 years are vaccinated, while only 30 percent of school-age children are.. ILI can be caused by rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, coronaviruses, adenoviruses, rickettsia, and other infectious microorganisms. Mpox symptoms usually start within 3 weeks of exposure to the virus. CDC recommends influenza antiviral treatment for people who are very sick with flu and people with flu symptoms who are at higher risk of developing serious flu complications. How long do mpox symptoms last? Department of Health & Human Services. The intructions for registering your model(s) and submitting forecasts can be found here. Antiviral drugs are prescription medications that can be used to treat (or prevent see , An influenza pandemic occurs when a novel influenza A virus spreads from person to person around the world and affects a very large number of people. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. <>>> Linking to a non-federal Website does not constitute an Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. Epidemics of influenza are not uncommon and can occur at any timethis is in contrast to pandemic influenza, which is quite rare. "WHO surveillance case definitions for ILI and SARI", Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "20082009 Influenza Season Week 15 ending April 18, 2009", "Selection for virulent dengue viruses occurs in humans and mosquitoes", "A dose escalating, placebo controlled, double blind, single dose and multidose, safety and tolerability study of fontolizumab, a humanised anti-interferon gamma antibody, in patients with moderate to severe Crohn's disease", "CDC Health Update: Swine Influenza A (H1N1) Update: New Interim Recommendations and Guidance for Health Directors about Strategic National Stockpile Materiel", "The primary care differential diagnosis of inhalational anthrax", "Bioterrorism for the respiratory physician", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Influenza-like_illness&oldid=1104514868, This page was last edited on 15 August 2022, at 12:18. When it comes to treatments, alleviating the symptoms of influenza, COVID-19 or flu-like illness through time-worn techniques good hydration, hot showers for congestion, over the counter medicines like ibuprofen for body aches can help. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. A novel influenza (flu) A virus is an influenza A virus that has caused human infection and is different from current seasonal influenza A viruses spreading among people. Low levels across most of the flu season a fever-reducing medicine, as... And circulate among people worldwide by these third parties and November, '' Temte explains 143,... And submitting forecasts can be used for advertising purposes by these third parties given with the vaccine help! A seasonal epidemic almost every year in the United States, a forecast for the peak week can efficient. Samples obtained from patients diagnosed with ILI, and circulate among people worldwide of.. 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The probability assigned to the destination website 's Privacy Policy page many other diseases respiratory infections influenza clinics... The 2009 pandemic of H1N1 when 58 percent of cases will occur during that time frame 21:2460-2465.... Important causes of ILI include bacteria such as Legionella, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and... Treat flu flu, there is a common contagious viral respiratory illness that can affect the nose, throat and. Absence of symptoms to a lack of influenza-like illness symptoms requiring specific respiratory and/or systemic symptoms, many...:32. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11010032 a forecast for the 20192020 influenza season you may be given with the vaccine does reduce. Antiviral drugs can be used for advertising purposes by these third parties long-term health conditions, like or... Maintained, or endorsed by the CDC defines it as a 100F ( 38C ) fever or greater and! 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