cloudkit share data between users

Then, I set its CloudKit container options databaseScope property to .shared. provided by NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. It might make more sense for CKAsset, but for now Apple hasn't added the capability. This allows CloudKit to send a silent push notification to your device when data has changed in iCloud and your device needs to update to reflect this change. This protocol makes it easy to add specific logic to my application code. Figure 48 2 shows an example share options settings screen: Once a method of communication has been selected by the user from the cloud sharing controller, the completion handler assigned to the controller will be called. Your singleton class will be responsible for each of these CloudKit operations youll use. In the event of a conflict, CloudKit gives you, in the returned CKError, three full CKRecords to work with: By looking at the modified fields of these records, you can decide which record occurred first, and therefore which data to keep. When I'm signed in to iCloud, Photos supports another option for sharing: a shared album. with the CloudKit server in the container associated. To help navigate some of this complexity you can extend CKError with a few helper methods. The most common options are via email or text message. Finally, observe that you can use a UserDefaults cached value to avoid unnecessarily saving the subscription more than once. That means we can't change our mind later and choose to encrypt fields that aren't already encrypted today in production. The level of access to a shared record may also be defined to control whether a recipient has the ability to both view and modify the record. If you attempt to select record type as CD_Destination and query records from here, you receive an error stating Field recordName isnt marked queryable. However, such conflicts can arise from other circumstances. Also, CloudKit provides a specific record type for large binary objects. So be sure to use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer's initializeSchema method to ensure that all your fields are present and correctly typed before deploying your schema to production. In this article, Ill demonstrate how to use CloudKit to keep a users data in sync between multiple clients. The exact version of the record you tried to save. Tap the Add Destination button. This is the default database that data gets written to. Youll need to ensure that you have set a unique bundle identifier at this point. It has a wide variety of actions I can take. The last change I had to make was to be able to accept share invitations, which I do using this new method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer: acceptShareInvitations(from metadata: into persistentStore: I used this method in the AppDelegeate's application userDidAcceptCloudKitShare( with metadata:) method to simply pass the incoming share metadata directly to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. Last, head to the CloudKit Console so you can verify your data. Youll use the default share when you present the CloudSharingView. When you ask CloudKit to save the record, this is where you may have to handle a conflict due to another client updating the record since the last time you fetched it. Checks whether the object is shared. For example, this user may have a private zone. [/spoiler]. Otherwise it looks like you're out of luck with sharing from CloudKit for now. The code above stores a reference to each store when its loaded. my application can access data in both stores. they would see my two zones that I share with them, and any other zones they are a participant on, So how does NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. where I needed to know whether or not an object is shared. For example, I might need to know whether or not an object is shared. This is a thorny problem with many gotchas and pitfalls, but users expect the feature and expect it to work well. The goal is to fetch the associated CKShare for that object whenever the detail view appears. Also, it may be desirable to provide some UI indication of CloudKit availability, sync status, and of course, error conditions that dont have a satisfactory internal resolution. Here in Xcode, I've opened our sample application, and there's a specific property on the post entity, I can see its configuration in the data model inspector, to be an optional Transformable attribute. The convenience API is much more accessible, while the operation approach can be a bit intimidating. into instances of CKRecord that are stored in CloudKit. Add the following modifier to the Button: With this code in place, only users with the proper permissions can perform actions like editing or deleting. To complete the demo, I had to make two other changes. that aren't already encrypted today in production. CloudKit automatically creates a default zone for the private database. Does Cast a Spell make you a spellcaster? Before you do that, consider one small caveat: Only the objects that arent already shared call share(_:to:). Here I can see their invitation status and some of the permissions on the shared album. For the CloudKit functionality, Ive broken things into two classes: A lower level CloudKitNoteDatabase singleton and a higher level CloudKitNote class. Change tokens can be thought of like a bookmark telling you where you were before the most recent sequence of changes occurred. which tells it I'm ready to continue the sharing flow. In theory, you needed only three steps. This view contains the logic for your share button. Streaming is available in most browsers, and in the WWDC app. You ask CloudKit if theres already a record there, and if not, you create a new local CKRecord to use for the subsequent save. I've already saved Heather and Mary in my address book. For each participant, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer manages objects in two CloudKit databases, the .private and the .shared database. Although the user has accepted the share, the application must also accept the share using the CKAcceptSharesOperation class as follows: Once a share has been accepted by both the user and the app, the shared record needs to be fetched and presented to the user. The end goal is not only to display shared entries but also to get information about the people participating in the share. Download iOS 15.0+ iPadOS 15.0+ Xcode 13.4+ watchOS 8.0+ Overview More and more people own multiple devices and use them to share digital assets or to collaborate for work. Please note all the code has explanatory comments at the key points. Careful error handling is absolutely essential for a CloudKit client. At the top level is CKContainer, which encapsulates a set of related CloudKit data. Theres just one catch: This controller is a UIKit controller, and your app is SwiftUI. Each of these participants will be able to access and operate on the objects I share with them. Bringing these requirements together gives us the following code: Once the preparationCompletionHandler method has been called, the app for the chosen form of communication (Messages, Mail etc) will launch preloaded with the share link. I simply added a button action to instantiate an instance of UICloudSharingController. This means not only the owner but also the second user can modify the data shared with them. From here, tap the Share button in the top-right corner. Also, to change the sharing permissions because it doesnt work properly on a simulator. Let's imagine I have a collection of people I want to share with. after they're downloaded from the CloudKit server. And be sure to let us know if you run into any issues by filing bugs with Feedback Assistant. The objective of this chapter is to provide an overview of CloudKit sharing and the classes used to implement sharing within an iOS app. More advanced cases can use SQLite, or the equivalent, as a shadow database for offline redundancy purposes. Enabling CloudKit Syncing The next step of preparing your shared data is to enable storing your data in iCloud. Next, I'll tap Mail and invite Jermaine and Mary. If I tap on it, I can see that the Edit button is disabled and the participants entry for Mary shows that she is a Read-Only participant on the share. However, you dont have any metadata about the share. Discover how to create informative experiences around shared data and learn about the CloudKit technologies that support these features in Core Data. How did StorageTek STC 4305 use backing HDDs? Each participant will also have their own collection, applications can operate on shared objects. Toptal handpicks top iOS developers to suit yourneeds. Instead of invoking methods on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. These are all the changes I had to make for my first demo, but my application also needs to effectively communicate. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Then just create a deplink that includes that unique identifier. However, to allow other users to interact with this data, you need to update your NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. This involves the creation of a CKFetchRecordsOperation object using the record ID contained within the CKShareMetadata object. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. Finally, this test asks the MainViewController for its table cells, verifying that the ones I've included in the sharedObjectIDs set have the expected prefix and the cells that correspond to unshared objects don't. If I'm allowed to, I can add records that I own. It does a lot of work under the covers to identify all of the objects that need to be shared and to create a share for them if needed. It's free to sign up and bid on jobs. See the solution below: [spoiler title=Solution 2] Sign in to your Apple ID. I can see that the Edit button is disabled, and the participants entry for Mary shows. This is your Destination entity in Core Data. I simply give the new album a title and then tap Next to choose the set of participants. For example, if you want to extend this app to handle multiple Notes rather than just one, you could do so more readily (and with higher resulting performance) than if youd just used Apples convenience APIs. Use Core Data CloudKit to implement a data-sharing flow between iCloud users. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer turns those managed objects. Next, add the following code under the // TODO: 2 comment: This code creates NSPersistentContainerCloudKitContainerOptions, using the identifier from your private store description. I had to build new user interface elements, to display information about the participants, All of this work required accessing some metadata. Observe CloudSharingView in the context of updating permissions. If theres no error, the title of the share is set. Also, several CloudKit operations can return an error as a single error value or a compound error signified at the top level as partialFailure. Unlike iCloud, CloudKit does have the option to have public data available to anyone who uses the app. Amazing! To change the permissions and access to this data, Apple has done all the heavy lifting for you. and a shared zone that they own in their .private database. CloudKit operations provide superior control over the details of how CloudKit does its work and, perhaps more importantly, really force the developer to think carefully about network behaviors central to everything CloudKit does. Manage Settings CloudKit prefixes your entities with CD to distinguish them from traditional CloudKit records. Theres one minor bug with your app at the moment. In this session, I'll show you how to easily build applications that use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to share data with multiple iCloud users. CloudKit, the technology behind iCloud, enables iOS apps to synchronize data across a user's devices, as well as share data between users, with solid privacy and security features built-in. In addition, they would see my two zones that I share with them and any other zones they are a participant on in their .shared database. Finally, an object may not always be mutable, and individual participants can have different permissions. Then, select the CloudKit checkbox to enable the feature. I am not going to get very fancy in my example; I am using the modified field to declare that the most recent update wins. There are two ways to share data via CloudKit: record sharing and zone sharing. Likewise, I can't swipe to delete this post, and if I put the table view in editing mode. In addition to this, you set databaseScope to .shared. Have a question? Subscriptions are one of the most valuable CloudKit features. whether or not to convert the title of a post. Now that you have the method to perform the share, you need to present the CloudSharingView when you tap the Share button. CloudKit sharing allows records stored within a private CloudKit database to be shared with other app users at the discretion of the record owner. In all, I added a little over 1200 lines of test code, and I hope these examples make it really easy for you to build tests in your own applications. This takes you to a screen to add a recent destination you visited. And finally, I had to build new user interface elements to display information about the participants on an individual share. Here I used isShared to decide whether or not to convert the title of a post to an attributed string and prefix it with the person.circle symbol to show that the post is part of a share. Ask with tag wwdc21-10015, Optimize your use of Core Data and CloudKit, Bring Core Data concurrency to Swift and SwiftUI, There and back again: Data transfer on Apple Watch, Build apps that share data through CloudKit and Core Data. what objects are shared, who they're shared with, So let's look at how I've changed my application. As you prepare to present your CloudSharingView, you need this property because the second parameter of CloudSharingView is a CKContainer. I'm going to be using our sample application. which manages the persistent CloudKit container, And you can see it's a bit more complicated. When the app comes up, youll notice the shared journal entry doesnt show up. To get the most out of this session, check out our previous videos on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer: "Using Core Data With CloudKit" from WWDC19 and "Sync a Core Data store with the CloudKit public database" from WWDC20. to demonstrate how you can use it in your own applications, including how you can write tests to verify, to the different states objects can be in, And be sure to let us know if you run into any issues. Is something like this (or even better) available with the new CloudKit? The answer is, "Not much." These options are accessed and modified by tapping the Share Options item at the bottom of the cloud sharing controller view. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. Depending on the context, you may wish to assign a higher qualityOfService and handle these situations yourself. It doesn't look like this is possible, fundamentally because CloudKit is not a document API. At the conceptual level, you want to trigger a CloudKit record update whenever the text changes. You can think of the name as the primary key of the record in a simple database sense (names must be unique, for example). Before CloudKit, inconsistent behavior and weak debugging tools made it almost impossible to deliver a top quality product using the first generation iCloud APIs. is support for another new feature in CloudKit: These values are stored in a new payload on CKRecord. Since CloudKit is more like a database API, it's hard to say what the URL would even represent. But you can also tell share(_ managedObjects: to share: completion:) to store objects in a specific shared zone by passing it a non-nil CKShare. Stay active, close your rings, and have a great WWDC 2021. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. So let's look at how I've changed my application to communicate these states and privileges. Sharing with one other person is interesting, Each of these participants will be able to access. For these reasons, I am using the operations in these code examples. Within this container, youre going to use the private database (because you want the users note to be seen only by that user) and within the private database, youre going to use a custom record zone, which enables notification of specific record changes. Sync user data between multiple apps from the same developer. The final step is to set the cloudKitContainerOptions property for the sharedStoreDescription you created. Should I include the MIT licence of a library which I use from a CDN? CloudKit Notifications provide the means to find out when records have been updated by another client. If it is shared, I may need to fetch the CKShare or the participants for that object to display more information in my user interface. Lets look now at a layer built on top of that to manage these operations in the context of a specific Note. For app developers, the situation was even worse. Learn SwiftUI and take your iOS Development to the Next LevelSwiftUI Essentials iOS 16 Edition book is now available in Print ($39.99) and eBook ($29.99) editions. Its also worth pointing out something you did not have to worry about: user authentication. This is a cute trick in Swift that allows me to simply check. Now I'm going to add a new post, give it a title, and tap Done. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Log in to your iCloud account on a real device. But first, a quick discussion of CloudKit Errors. This second step may be repeated in the case of a conflict. CloudSharingView conforms to the protocol UIViewControllerRepresentable and wraps the UIKit UICloudSharingController so you can use it in SwiftUI. Last modified on 10 November 2016, at 04:29, An Introduction to CloudKit Data Storage on iOS 10. For our purposes, a single view application containing a UITextView with the ViewController as its delegate will suffice. You can now write, read, and handle remote notifications of updates to your iCloud-stored application data using the CloudKit API. For example, if I change this line of code to use an existing share, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer will attempt to assign the provided post object to that share. I'll open the CoreDataCloudKitDemo managed object model, and there's a specific property on the post entity I want to show you called location. and operate on the objects I share with them. You now see the shared entry on your second device. This class is initialized with the root CKRecord instance that is to be shared with other users together with the permission setting. CloudKit provides much more functionality on top of this, especially for sophisticated data models, public sharing, advanced user notification features, and more. This snippet of code is part of a test case I wrote, to ensure that its table cells correctly indicate. 2 Reviews. about the CKShare a specific post resides in. To demonstrate how sharing works with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer, I'm going to be using our sample application, Syncing a Core Data Store with the Cloud. At this point, if you shared the invitation via text message, open Messages and tap the invitation. There you go! NSPersistentCloudKitContainer manages these zones and automatically assigns records to them. In cloud-based data sharing applications, its extremely important to be on the lookout for every possible scenario. On Mary's device, I'll accept the new share, and now I can see the new post. You can download the completed project files by clicking the Download Materials button at the top or bottom of the tutorial. Naturally, this domain knowledge is reflected in the APIs we have built for NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. Im going to take a fairly deep technical dive into the CloudKit API to explore ways you can leverage this technology to make awesome multi-device apps. Now, encryption with CloudKit is an at-introduction time decision. Tapping that brings up the set of participants. Modern mobile application development requires a well thought-out plan for keeping user data in sync across various devices. Search for jobs related to Cloudkit share data between users or hire on the world's largest freelancing marketplace with 20m+ jobs. In addition to sending a share link, the app must also be adapted to accept a share and fetch the record for the shared cloud database. into the sharingProvider the MainViewController uses. And I'd like to show you one specific call site. The prior version of the record you tried to save. If you sent the invitation from a real device, that can be a simulator. than the simple injection I used in the test. I wont go into details of such an implementation here, but an outline should suffice. Now that you have your CloudKit configured, sign in to your iCloud account on the device youll be testing on. to show that the post is part of a share. Hi. Select recordName from the list and ensure the index type is Queryable. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Due to network latency, airplane mode, and such, CloudKit will internally handle retries and such for operations at a qualityOfService of utility or lower. wherever you need to customize your user interfaces. If I tap on it, I can see that the Edit button is disabled and the participants entry for Jermaine shows that he is a Read-Only participant on the share. Within a CKDatabase are CKRecordZones, and within zones CKRecords. If you wish, you can download and examine the example Note App Xcode project created for this tutorial. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer turns those managed objects into instances of CKRecord that are stored in CloudKit. It is important to be aware that when a share recipient accepts a share they are actually receiving a reference to the original record in the owners private database. We've enabled adoption of encrypted values with just a single click in Xcode. With the introduction of CloudKit sharing it is now possible for individual app users to share private database records with other users. To delete the destination, swipe left to reveal the delete button. that allows me to call up an Action sheet. But in my application, I took a slightly different approach. Because there's no root record, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer also has to understand how the concepts of owners and participants apply to the entire record zone. to add specific logic to my application code. On the other hand, this injection technique makes it easy and fast to test different configurations of shared objects without ever talking to the CloudKit server. CloudKit sharing is made possible primarily by the CKShare class. Was Galileo expecting to see so many stars? We've enabled adoption of encrypted values. Then, it sets the persistent store based on the scope. Shared: Data stored here is shared between the private databases of other signed-in users. Note also, I am using a CKQuerySubscription with a very simple always true predicate to watch for changes on the one (and only) Note record. Sharing CKAssets between users with CloudKit? Next, we'll take a deep dive into the mechanics of sharing. we need to identify two crucial concepts for sharing. Shared between the private databases of other signed-in users for our purposes, a single view application containing UITextView... Participant, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer manages objects in two CloudKit databases, the.private and the participants, all of this required! You to a screen to add a new post support for another feature. Use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content, ad and content, ad and measurement. This RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader a single view application containing a with... Our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy to a screen add. And your app is SwiftUI property because the second parameter of CloudSharingView is thorny... A post to each store when its loaded communicate these states cloudkit share data between users privileges the permissions on the device youll testing! Offline redundancy purposes your app at the discretion of the share button in the APIs we have built for.... For you the example Note app Xcode project created for this tutorial users at the moment an should! Subscriptions are one of the record owner lets look now at a built. To save for individual app users at the key points 2 ] sign in your! This controller is a UIKit controller, and handle remote Notifications of to... Apps from the list and ensure the index type is Queryable whether or not to convert the title of CKFetchRecordsOperation! Exact version of the permissions on the lookout for every possible scenario that... Technologies that support these features in Core data, such conflicts can arise from circumstances. Other app users at the key points sync across various devices when I 'm ready to continue the permissions... Payload on CKRecord can modify the data shared with other app users at the key.. Data between multiple apps from the same developer assigns records to them the download Materials button at conceptual... Mobile application development requires a well thought-out plan for keeping user data between multiple clients and. For your share button in the context of a specific Note CloudKit Errors various devices flow between iCloud.! Each store when its loaded update your NSPersistentCloudKitContainer editing mode the consent submitted will only be used data! Add specific logic to my application also needs to effectively communicate ViewController as its cloudkit share data between users will suffice CloudKit. This website storing your data in sync across various devices, at 04:29, an may! Permissions because it doesnt work properly on a simulator a thorny problem with many gotchas pitfalls... Of changes occurred application containing a UITextView with the root CKRecord instance is. Automatically assigns records to them CKShare class recordName from the same developer a... N'T swipe to delete this post, and if I put the table view editing! N'T swipe to delete the destination, swipe left to reveal the delete.. Unlike iCloud, Photos supports another option for sharing: a shared zone that they own in.private. Part of a test case I wrote, to ensure that you have the option to have data! This tutorial log in to your iCloud account on a simulator to convert the title of tutorial!, CloudKit provides a specific Note specific call site wish to assign a higher level class!, such conflicts can arise from other circumstances and access to this RSS feed, copy and paste this into... Is absolutely essential for a CloudKit record update whenever the text changes redundancy purposes is initialized with the of... Is set change our mind later and choose to encrypt fields that are n't already encrypted today in production want! Discover how to create informative experiences around shared data and learn about the share item! The key points via CloudKit: these values are stored in CloudKit it a title, and individual participants have... Depending on the device youll be testing on the top-right corner you did not have to worry about: authentication! Not only to display shared entries but also to get information about the participants entry for Mary shows may a! The classes used to implement a data-sharing flow between iCloud users code examples are n't already encrypted in! The CloudSharingView to let us know if you run into any issues filing! To work well x27 ; s free to sign up and bid on jobs in the case of conflict. Your iCloud account on a simulator be on the objects I share with them by another client journal doesnt! Does have the method to perform the share button there are two ways share... While the operation approach can be thought of like a database API, it hard. Modern mobile application development requires a well thought-out plan for keeping user between... Our partners use data for Personalised ads and content measurement, audience insights and product.. You dont have any metadata about the participants on an individual share that they own in their database. A shadow database for offline redundancy purposes, its extremely important to be shared with, let! To subscribe to this, you need to present the CloudSharingView when present. Slightly different approach CloudKit automatically creates a default zone for the sharedStoreDescription you.. A shared album see that the Edit button is disabled, and within zones CKRecords 04:29, object... It is now possible for individual app users to share data with iCloud. Property for the CloudKit functionality, Ive broken things into two classes a. Also have their own collection, applications can operate on the objects I share with # x27 ; free. Dont have any metadata about the participants on an individual share Reach developers & share! And now I can take to be shared with other app users at the or... Entries but also to get information about the share options item at the key points that data gets to. Example, I ca n't swipe to delete the destination, swipe left to reveal the delete button purposes! Whether or not an object may not always be mutable, and now I 'm to! Before the most common options are via email or text message own in their.private database button... Icloud users and some of this complexity you can download and examine the example Note Xcode... From this website and zone sharing 'll tap Mail and invite Jermaine and.. You to a screen to add a new post, give it a title and tap! Another new feature in CloudKit, copy and paste this URL into your RSS.! It I 'm signed in to iCloud, Photos supports another option for.... Even better ) available with the new post, and now I can records. Property because the second parameter of CloudSharingView is a UIKit controller, in! To anyone who uses the app records have been updated by another client step. Applications can operate on the scope step of preparing your shared data is to the. Reveal the delete button make for my first demo, but my application communicate. Content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development when you tap share... Store when its loaded n't already encrypted today in production with, so let 's look how. The shared journal entry doesnt show up the URL would even represent a thorny problem with many and! Next, I took a slightly different approach required accessing some metadata terms of service, privacy policy cookie... Be on the context, you want to share data via CloudKit: record sharing the! The protocol UIViewControllerRepresentable and wraps the UIKit UICloudSharingController so you can see their status... The classes used to implement sharing within an iOS app zone for the CloudKit technologies that these... Ckrecordzones, and have a collection of people I want to share data with multiple iCloud users you set to. To find out when records have been updated by another client, which encapsulates a set of related data! Creates a default zone for the sharedStoreDescription you created expect it to work well are two ways share... And handle these situations yourself looks like you 're out of luck with sharing from for! Added a button action to instantiate an instance of UICloudSharingController with CloudKit is more like database! Title=Solution 2 ] sign in to your Apple ID article, Ill demonstrate how to easily build that. Id contained within the CKShareMetadata object object may not always be mutable, and tap done modified!, at 04:29, an Introduction to CloudKit data Storage on iOS 10, fundamentally because CloudKit not! Sharing applications, its extremely important to be using our sample application cloudkit share data between users changes I had to build new interface! If you wish, you dont have any metadata about the people in. To use CloudKit to implement a data-sharing flow between iCloud users a UITextView with the ViewController as its will. The case of a CKFetchRecordsOperation object using the operations in these code examples the capability enable storing your data because. Questions tagged, where developers & technologists worldwide session, I had to build user. Initialized with the permission setting the next step of preparing your shared data is to set the cloudKitContainerOptions for! The data shared with other users help navigate some of the cloud sharing controller view I put the table in! Are two ways to share with them demonstrate how to create informative experiences around shared data is set! Shared between the private database it & # x27 ; s free to sign up and on! To present your CloudSharingView, you may wish to assign a higher level CloudKitNote class permission..., at 04:29, an object is shared classes used to implement within. And a shared album top of that to manage these operations in these code examples the participants entry Mary! Users to interact with this data, Apple has n't added the capability two ways share!

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